EMBRIO

Knowledge and Behavior regarding Consumption of Herbal Galactagogues among Breastfeeding Women in Mataram City

I Gusti Agung Ayu Hari Triandini — 2023-05-31

Mataram city occupied the region with the lowest coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in West Nusa Tenggara in 2022. One of the causes of the failure of exclusive breastfeeding is the lack of breast milk production. Galactagogues are substances that can increase breast milk production. A relatively safe alternative to support breast milk production is to consume herbs containing galactagogues. It is essential to trace local culture, knowledge, and behavior regarding herbal galactagogues to get insight into the types of galactagogues, their properties as well as side effects. Scientific studies are required to be used as a reference for breastfeeding women. This study aims to describe knowledge and behavior of breastfeeding women regarding the consumption of galactagogues. The study applied mixed-method design with a cross-sectional approach to conduct a survey on knowledge and behavior regarding consumption of herbal galactagogues. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to respondents who were selected based on inclusion criteria, namely breastfeeding women with children aged 0 to 6 months, domiciled in the city of Mataram and registered at the Community Health Center in the city of Mataram, as many as 124 people. It was found that most of respondent had a poor level of knowledge by 62.1 percent, while 37.1percent of them had good consumption behavior of herbal galactagogues. It can be concluded that generally, the people of Mataram City consumed herbal galactagogues more often based on empirical evidence from generation to generation. Thus, additional information regarding variations of other herbal galactagogues is required to support exclusive breastfeeding coverage.

Knowledge on Health Protocols and Anxiety of Midwives in Delivery Assistance During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Dwi Ertiana — 2023-05-31

In 2021, 6 out of 45 midwives at the PMC Hospital of Jombang were exposed to COVID-19. This study aims to identify the correlation between knowledge on health protocols and anxiety in delivery assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was an analytical-correlational study with cross sectional approach. The independent variable was the knowledge on health protocols and the dependent variable was the level of anxiety in delivery assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted at PMC Hospital of Jombang on June 28, 2021 – July 12, 2021. The study population involved all midwives at PMC Hospital of Jombang as many as 45 respondents, with a sample size of 32 respondents, who were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data collection tool used a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi Square test. The study findings showed that 68.8 percent of respondents had a good level of knowledge on health protocols. On the other hand, 87.6 percent of respondents had mild level of anxiety in delivery assistance during the mild COVID-19 pandemic. There was a correlation between the level of knowledge on health protocols and anxiety of midwives in delivery assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic. It was obtained a p-value of (0.000) less than α equals (0.05), r equals 0.596 which indicated moderate correlation level. The higher the level of knowledge, the lower the level of anxiety. Midwives are surely able to overcome anxiety they experience through good knowledge which can encourage good spirits, especially while providing obstetric support services to patients during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Effect of Upright Position on Pain and Duration of the Active Phase of the First Stage of Labor among Women in Labor in the Work Area of Tasikmalaya TPMB

Melsa Sagita Imaniar — 2023-05-31

Prolonged labor is one of causes of maternal and infant death. Several causes of prolonged labor are inefficient uterine contractions, presentation or position of the fetus, inadequate pelvic bones or abnormalities of maternal soft tissues, which result in failure to progress in labor and an increase in the incidence of Caesarean section delivery. The upright position will encourage stronger and more efficient contractions, wherein gravity will occur to keep the baby's head pressed towards the lower uterine segment so as to help cervical dilation and shorten the duration of labor. Upright positions in the first stage of labor include walking, standing, sitting, half-sitting, kneeling, and crawling positions. This study aims to determine the effect of upright position compared to supine position on the level of pain and the duration of the active phase of the first stage of labor among primigravida women in labor. This was a quasi-experimental study with a post-test only design. There were 100 study samples who were assigned in the control group and the intervention group, consisting of 50 respondents, respectively. The study was conducted at the Tasikmalaya TPMB. Data collection was carried out for approximately 6 months on March-August 2022. The results showed that primigravida women in the active phase of the first stage of labor with upright position had a shorter duration of labor compared to those with supine position. Independent t test results obtained a p value equals 0.000 (p is less than 0.05). Such finding indicated a statistically significant difference. Based on the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that there was a significant difference in the duration of the active phase of the first stage of labor between upright position and supine position among women in labor in the Work Area of Tasikmalaya TPMB.

Prenatal Yoga to Relief Back Pain among Pregnant Women

Budi Rahayu — 2023-05-31

Back pain is a kind of discomfort that frequently develops during pregnancy, especially among pregnant women in late pregnancy or those with a history of back pain in previous pregnancy. Prenatal yoga can relief back pain discomfort since it promotes good posture and stretch the spine's central nervous system. This study aims to determine the effect of yoga exercise on back pain among pregnant women in the third trimester.This was a pre-experimental study with one group pretest posttest design. The current study involved 30 pregnant women in the third trimester, who were assigned into the treatment group (participated in prenatal yoga exercise) and the control group (did not participate in prenatal yoga exercise), consisting of 15 samples, respectively. The study instrument applied here was Faces Pain Scale-Revised a questionnaire (FPS-R). It was found that there was a significant effect of prenatal yoga exercise to relief back pain among pregnant women in the third trimester (p less than 0.05). It can be concluded that prenatal yoga was beneficial for relieving back pain among pregnant women in the third trimester. Thus, prenatal yoga technique is considered an appropriate method for supproting the succes of pregnancy.

Antibacterial Activity Test of Mahkota Dewa Fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) Extract against Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Dwi Norma Retnaningrum — 2023-05-31

Exposure to Escherichia coli during pregnancy may cause serious problems such as anemia, premature birth and an increased risk of inflammation of the lining of the brain in the fetus. Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) is a medicinal plant that is widely known and used to treat allergies and chronic diseases. One of the compounds contained in Mahkota Dewa is flavonoids. There is certain mechanism of action of flavonoids in inhibiting bacteria namely by damaging the cytoplasmic cell wall in bacteria. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial properties of various flavonoid concentrations of Mahkota Dewa fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) extract against Escherichia coli bacteria through a laboratory experimental study design by testing the antimicrobial potency of the well method, namely 10percent, 20percent, 40percent, 60percent, 80percent and 100percent. Statistical analysis using One-Way Anova Test showed a significant difference between changes in the concentration of flavonoids in Mahkota Dewa fruit extract and the inhibition zones towards the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria (p less than 0.05). Pearson correlation test showed a very strong relationship with a positive direction (r equals 0.874) which indicated that the higher the concentration of flavonoids in Mahkota dewa fruit extract, the stronger the antimicrobial effect. Based on the study findings, it can be concluded that the flavonoid extract in Mahkota Dewa fruit extract had an antimicrobial potential against Escherichia Coli in vitro.

Effect of Routine Consumption of Turmeric-Tamarind Herb on Dysmenorrhea among Adolescent Girls

Safitri Safitri — 2023-05-31

Puberty in adolescents is identified by the sign of monthly menstrual period. Although it occurs naturally, many adolescent girls suffer from dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea affects daily activities and even causes absence from school. Herbal medicine is still an alternative therapy for dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. Non-pharmacological therapy using turmeric-tamarind herb is easy to obtain and has no side effects. This study aims to determine the effect of routine consumption of turmeric-tamarind herb on dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls in Pondok Meja Village. This was an observational analytical study with cross-sectional design. The population in this study involved all adolescent girls in Pondok Meja Village, with a total sample of 76 adolescent girls, who were selected using a purposive sampling technique based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected using online questionnaires from December 2021 to April 2022. Data collected were analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results showed that there was an effect of routine consumption of turmeric-tamarind herb on dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. Adolescent girls who did not routinely consume turmeric-tamarind herb had a 0.035 times higher probability of experiencing primary dysmenorrhea than those who routinely consume turmeric-tamarind herb. Adolescent girls who routinely consumed turmeric-tamarind herb did not experience dysmenorrhea.

Effect of Endorphin Massage on The Level of Anxiety among >36 Weeks Pregnant Women

Liya Lugita Sari — 2023-05-31

The weeks leading up to delivery are always anxiety-provoking for pregnant women. Pregnant women may have negative effects from anxiety such as prenatal attachment, the term used to describe the bonding between both mother and baby. Such condition can lead to poor uterine contraction, prolonged labor, uterine atony, bleeding wounds, infections, maternal exhaustion and shock, while also increasing the likelihood of premature birth and low birth weight. A non-pharmacological therapy named endorphin massage may stimulate the body to release endorphins. Such hormone may minimize anxiety and promote maternal and fetal well-being. This study aims to determine the effect of endorphin massage on the level of anxiety among more than 36 weeks pregnant women at Private Practice Midwife Listiorini in 2022. This was a pre-experimental study with a one group, pre-test post-test design. The current study was conducted on March 20-April 20 at Private Practice Midwife Listiorini. The accident sampling approach was applied to select the study samples, which consisted of 30 more than 36 weeks pregnant women who performed ANC visits at Private Practice Midwife Listiorini and met the inclusion criteria. The instruments used were the HARS Scale and the Endorphin Massage SOP. In accordance with the results, there was a decrease in the median anxiety levels of pregnant women after receiving the endorphin massage intervention by 8.17. The Wilcoxon statistical test result showed a p-value of 0.000 (less than 0.05), which indicated that endorphin massage intervention had an effect on the level of anxiety among pregnant women in the third trimester. The study finding is expected to help pregnant women lowering their anxiety levels before delivery.

Health Education Using Booklet to Increase Knowledge on Anemia among Adolescent Girls

Endah Yulianingsih — 2023-05-31

Iron deficiency is one of the healthful issues in Asia, remembering for Indonesia. Young women often consume risky foods such as fast food, snacks and soft drinks. Such condition is due to lack of education among adolescent girls. This study aims to determine the effect of health education using booklet media on the increase in knowledge on anemia among adolescent girls. This was a pre-experimental study with a One-Group Pre-Test-Post Test Design approach. The population involved in this study was adolescent girls in State JHS of Gorontalo City, with a total sample of 132 respondents. The samples were selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Data on knowledge were derived from questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. The study was conducted in February to March 2021. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that there was an effect of health education using booklet media on the increase in knowledge on anemia among adolescent girls with p-value equals 0.000. It is expected that healthcare workers can provide health services in the form of education to young women using booklet media so that adolescents are interested in listening to information and the information can be easily understood.

Effect of Special Massage on Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) Scores among Primigravida Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester in Coping with Childbirth During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Raden Roro Ratuningrum Anggorodiputro — 2023-05-31

The spread of coronavirus during the Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in an increased level of anxiety among pregnant women. Decrease in the level of anxiety in pregnant women can be achieved through non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is special massage. This study aims to analyze the difference in the effect of special massage on the anxiety level between primigravida pregnant women in the third-trimester and pregnant women without special massage in coping with childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was a quasi-experimental study with a Non-equivalent Control Group Design approach. The samples in this study were 80 pregnant women in the third-trimester. The sample size was determined using the formula for unpaired categorical analytical study to test the hypothesis between the two proportions. The test results showed a comparison of anxiety scores (pre and post) in the two study groups, with a decrease in the HARS score in the special massage group by 43.7percent. Meanwhile, the decrease in the HARS score in the group without special massage was -9.1percent. The statistical test results with the Mann-Whitney test obtained a p-value less than equals 0.001 (p less than 0.05) which indicated a significant difference. It can be concluded that special massage had a significant effect on a decrease in the HARS Score of primigravida pregnant women in the third-trimester pregnant women in coping with childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Case-based Learning Video and Learning Motivation among Midwifery Students

Ulfa Farrah Lisa — 2023-05-31

Case-based learning is commonly used in various settings, including the medical field. This study aims to determine the effect of case-based learning video on learning motivation among midwifery students. This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test approach. This study was conducted at the Bachelor of midwifery study program, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University from August to October 2021. Forty-nine student midwives were selected through total sampling technique. Demographic information and motivation data were collected using the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Descriptive statistics, ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis test, and Paired T-Test/Wilcoxon Rank-sum test were applied to analyze the data. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. This study reported no significant differences between age and the MSLQ value components. Nonetheless, significant differences were found between parents' income with intrinsic motivation (p equals 0.012), task value (p equals 0.044), and self-efficacy (p equals 0.02). Furthermore, there was a significant difference between intrinsic motivation and residence (p equals 0.012) among the other value components. The mean scores for all value components of motivation increased after the case-based learning video intervention. Two value components (task value and efficacy) showed a significant difference (p-value 0.026 and 0.000). In conclusion, case-based learning video effectively improved motivation among students. Such finding is essential to developing suitable learning method for students.

Effect of Free-Range Chicken Eggs on Perineal Wound Healing among Postpartum Women

Hastuti Usman — 2023-05-31

10percent of maternal mortality during the postpartum period are caused by infection due to bleeding from tears in the birth canal (perineal wound). The wound healing process is influenced by the intake of protein-rich nutrients. Free-range chicken eggs from are a high source of protein (Komala, 2021). This study aims to determine the effect of free-range chicken eggs on perineal wound healing among postpartum women. This was a pre-experimental study with intact group comparison. There were 32 samples who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The samples were assigned into the Intervention Group (administered with free-range chicken eggs) and the Control Group (were not administered with free-range chicken eggs). Data collection was performed through direct observation of perineal wounds using the REEDA scale score. Data were analyzed using the Fisher Exact statistical test. The results showed that there was a faster wound healing process among respondents who were administered with free-range chicken eggs (81.2percent) compare to those who were not administered with free-range chicken eggs (25percent) with a p value of 0.002 less than 0.05. It can be concluded that the administration of free-range chicken eggs chicken eggs had an effect on perineal wound healing among postpartum women. It is expected that postpartum women who experience perineal wound starting from the second grade will consume boiled free-range chicken eggs to speed up the wound healing process.

Effect of Pelvic Rocking Technique on the Relief of Low Back Pain among Multigravida Pregnant Women

Suwanti Suwanti — 2023-05-31

In third trimester of pregnancy, one of the problems that often arise is back pain. Back pain in pregnant women can be relieved by pelvic rocking exercise performed in a standing, sitting and lying position, both in pairs with the husband or one of the other family members. This study aims to determine the effect of pelvic rocking technique on the relief of low back pain among multigravida pregnant women. This was a pre-experimental study with pre-test and post-test non-equivalent control group design. The study was conducted at Cakranegara Community Health Center. The study samples involved 30 multigravida pregnant women. The statistical test applied here was Wilcoxon test. The results showed that regarding characteristics of respondents, most of them were in the non-risky age group by 23 respondents (76.7percent), had low education by 29 respondents (96.7percent), were unemployed (Housewives) by 25 respondents (83.3percent), had normal BMI by 18 respondents (60.0percent), had normal weight by 18 respondents (60,0percent), had a parity of more than 2 by 18 respondents (66.7percent) and were in the 25-38 weeks of gestation by 28 respondents (93.3percent). After the implementation of pelvic rocking technique, there was a decrease in mean low back pain score by 1.47. Wilcoxon test result obtained a P value of 0.00001. Pelvic rocking technique could relieving low back pain among multigravida pregnant women.

The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Interest in Family Planning among Couples of Childbearing Age

Nyna Puspita Ningrum — 2023-05-31

The population growth rate in Indonesia has been declining recently. Family Planning program is an initiative of the Indonesian government that has been running since 1980. It has been successful in reducing the population growth rate. The number of children a woman has during her reproductive period is known as the total fertility rate. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has prompted worries about the rising birth rate as a result of the disruption of contraceptive services. In order to assist the government in gathering information on family planning acceptors among couples of childbearing age in Indonesia and to serve as a resource for courses on reproductive health and family planning, this study aims to determine the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the interest in family planning among couples of childbearing age. This was a quantitative analytical study with a one-shot case study design. The study populations involved 137 participants of couples of childbearing age with children. All completed the questionnaire; 112 of them were selected using the total sample approach in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data obtained as the results of survey were tested for validity using the product moment validity test. Chi-square analysis was applied which obtained a p value of 0.003 or less than 0.05. It can be concluded that there was a strong correlation between family planning implementation and participation during the Covid-19 pandemic in September to December 2020. According to the study finding, couples of childbearing age were less interested in family planning as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Relationship between Risk Factors and the Incidence of Hypertension in Pregnancy

Lilik Darwati — 2023-05-31

Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the causes of maternal death. Severe preeclampsia is the most significant cause of complications that can lead to death. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy. This was an analytical observational study with a case control approach. The study population was all pregnant women, with a total sample of 47 pregnant women, who were selected using a purposive sampling technique based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. This study was conducted among pregnant women at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic of Ngimbang Regional General Hospital in Lamongan. Based on the results of statistical test using the Chi Square Test, it was obtained a p value equals 0.000 (P less than 0.05) which indicated that there was a relationship between history of hypertension and the incidence of Hypertension in pregnancy. The OR value of 262.857 indicated that a woman with a history of hypertension had 262.857 times higher risk to have hypertension in pregnancy. It can be concluded that hypertension in pregnancy was caused by factors of history of hypertension and coffee consumption habit. Pregnant women are recommended to avoid risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy. Furthermore, healthcare workers are expected to provide counseling and health education for early detection of pregnant women so as to prevent the risk factors for hypertension

Effectiveness of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on Changes in Weight and Height among Under-five Children with Stunting

Retno Setyo Iswati — 2023-05-31

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is a type of vegetable oil that can facilitate the food digestion and nutrients absorption processes. VCO contains plus minus 10percent unsaturated fatty acids and plus minus 90percent saturated fatty acids. Besides fat, VCO also contains micronutrients. Administering VCO to under-five children with stunting aims to improve metabolic function so as to increase immunity, optimize growth and development and quality of child health status. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on changes in body weight and height among under-five children with stunting. This was a Quasi-Experimental study with a Non Equivalent Control Group design. The samples involved 32 under-five children with stunting. The intervention by administering VCO at a dose of 1 X 5 ml before eating in the morning was conducted for 30 days. Data were analyzed using paired t-test. The results of the study found that administration of VCO was not proven to be effective in significantly increasing body weight (p equals 0.693) and height (p equals 0.548) among under-five children with stunting (p more than 0.05).

Anthocyanins in Mulberry Leaves (Morus rubra L.) Ethanol Extract as the Inhibitor for the Growth of Candida albicans

Nina Hidayatunnikmah — 2023-05-31

Infections caused by Candida albicans are generally common in the vaginal mucosa or called Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Herbal medicine is proven to be an alternative to treat vaginal candidiasis. Mulberry leaves have many chemical compounds, one of which is anthocyanins. Anthocyanins have pharmacological benefits and biological activity that can protect against human pathogenic bacteria. This study aims to observe the effect of anthocyanin compounds extracted from mulberry leaves (Morus Rubra L) on the growth of Candida albicans. Identification of compounds on mulberry leaves used the TLC spectrophotodensitometry on silica gel 60 F254. TLC plates were washed with methanol and activated at 110 degrees C for 30 minutes. The plates were eluted in a chamber that had been saturated with the mobile phase of n-butanol:glacial acetic acid:water (4:1:2) and transferred using a CMAG TLC densitometer with a spectrum in the wavelength range of 200-700 nm. Design study is experimental study with a short Post-Test Only Control Group. This study was conducted at the Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory of PGRI Adi Buana University and the Laboratory of Professor Nidhom Foundation. The results showed that there was a content of anthocyanin compounds in mulberry leaves with antifungal function against Candida albicans.