Development E-LKPD Based On Higher Order Thinking Skills To Improve Creative Thinking Of Elementary School Students

This study aims to develop HOTS-based Electronic Learner Worksheets, knowing the assessment of three experts and the opinions of educators and students in grade VI. This research uses the learning design development research or R&D using the ADDIE model. The research subjects involved comprised three experts (media, linguists


INTRODUCTION
Education is an important means to improve the quality of human resources.In Indonesia, efforts to improve the quality of education are continuously made to realize national education goals.This is stated in Law Number 20 of 2003, article 3 concerning the National Education System, which reads, "Developing the potential of students to become human beings who are faithful and devoted to God Almighty, noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become democratic and responsible citizens" (Depdiknas, 2003).Now entering an era that requires humans to think, be creative, critical, communicate and work well together.Humans will be required to show all abilities to compete.The initial stage of forming the individual is when sitting in elementary school.Individuals will be well-formed during teaching and learning activities, forming a thinking power skill in the classroom.Problem-solving skills are closely related to Higher-Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) (Karsono, 2017).As the demands of the 21st century, students are expected to have 4C thinking skills (Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving, and Creativity and Innovation).In the 4C skills, one thinking skill highly prioritized to be developed in education is creative thinking skills (Miswandi Tendrita, 2016).
The development of student's abilities, especially in science learning, is one of the keys to success in the teaching and learning process.Aspects of science learning in elementary schools can be obtained by students easily if they can master skills in thinking and are active in every lesson or respond to all teaching given by the teacher because science in elementary schools is conceptualized as a method of solving problems without ignoring facts.Through HOTS, students will be able to distinguish ideas, solve problems and increase their activity in the classroom.The 2013 curriculum as a means of achieving HOTS since the elementary level is an initial effort to improve student thinking quality.So that students will think more in developing ideas, solving problems, and not hesitate in pouring the content of the results of these thoughts in science learning in the classroom.
As an educator, you must also be able to provide assessment instruments to students that refer to investigation and problem-solving activities.Students are invited to explore and think critically in working on problems.Giving questions can be poured into the form of Learner Worksheets (LKPD).Electronic Learner Worksheets (E-LKPD) is one of the computer-aided media which was originally printed and then converted into electronic form.There are pictures, animations and videos that are more effective so that students do not feel bored (Nadya et al, 2016).The use of LKPD is very helpful for teachers in the learning process.LKPD is one of the learning tools that can improve learning achievement, because it has formed an effective interaction between teachers and students.LKPD can also be used as a facilitator in learning Regarding the teaching materials used, the teacher assesses that there is still very little explanation of the material and the lack of practice questions given to students.The explanation in the learning book is too brief, so the teacher must have the initiative to explain in more detail to students.In addition, the lack of LKPD for students makes one of the triggers for the lack of knowledge possessed by students.Based on the results of interviews with students, it is known that students are very enthusiastic about digital-based learning, because current technological advances make students almost on average own and use cellphones.
Interactive LKPD can take advantage of the application's capabilities and display video, sound, and image features, which will help students visualize abstract material (Nanang, 2015).
Based on these conditions, a solution is needed to improve student learning outcomes in science subjects, especially magnet material, namely by developing HOTS-based E-LKPD, so that the quality of learning is much more enjoyable and more able to hone students' abilities in creative thinking.By applying the HOTS method, students are expected to be able to learn independently without pressure, active involvement in their skills and solve problems by thinking critically without getting out of the concept of science learning in elementary schools.Based on the background of the problems that have been described, the researcher is interested in conducting research with the title "Development of Electronic Learner Worksheets (E-LKPD) Based on Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) to Improve Creative Thinking in Science Subjects Magnet Material Grade VI Elementary School".

METHOD
In this study, researchers used a design design and development research approach (Research and Development /R&D).Research and Development is a research method used to produce new products, test the effectiveness of new products.If the new product has been tested, the product will be easier, faster to use in work so that the quality and quantity of work products will increase (Sugiyono, 2017).The needs questionnaire in the development of this product will be analyzed using descriptive qualitative data and quantitative data in the form of numbers and interpreted with the guidelines of the assessment category criteria to determine product quality.
Validation questionnaires that will be given to media, language, and material experts.This research and development uses a Likert scale and measurements that refer to the book by (Hayuwari, 2016) Quantitative analysis is the giving of questions that will produce scores in this case can be seen in formula (i).To determine the criteria for determining the results of validation can be seen in table 1.Counting the questionnaires that have been collected from validators will be calculated using a Likert scale as a measuring tool.The data that has been obtained by researchers is then analyzed to determine the feasibility or not of a product being developed.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The development carried out in this study produced HOTS-based E-LKPD teaching materials on learning Theme 5 "Entrepreneurship" Subtheme 2 "Business Around Me" for grade VI SDN Sukaresmi 06.To develop HOTS-based E-LKPD, researchers used the stages of the ADDIE model with five stages, namely (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation).The stages of this development are as follows: Analysis is used to obtain information in developing E-LKPD teaching materials according to the needs of students in the learning process, including: educator (teacher) analysis.This research was developed from problems that arose during the learning process, the explanation contained in the learning book was too brief, so the teacher had to have the initiative to explain in more detail to students.In addition, the lack of LKPD for students makes one of the triggers for the lack of knowledge possessed by students.
Based on the results of the interview, it is also known that students are very enthusiastic about learning with digital-based media, because current technological advances make students almost on average own and use cellphones.To develop E-LKPD, there are several stages in developing HOTS-based E-LKPD, namely: 1.The cover is an overview of the material to be presented, in Figure 1 show the front and back cover.
activities and help students learn in a directed manner to facilitate the teacher in carrying out the learning process in the classroom.Based on the results of interviews with educators in class VI, some information was obtained: (1) Learning is carried out based on the 2013 curriculum using integrated thematic books.(2) In face-to-face Development E-Lkpd Based On Higher Order Thinking… P-ISSN: 1693-8585 E-ISSN: 2622-9218 Buana Pendidikan Vol.19 No. 2 (2023) | 163 learning, the material is delivered conventionally and the assignments are given as simple LKS.(2) During learning there is a lack of experimental practice, due to limited learning media.(3) There are difficulties for teachers, namely a lack of understanding of technology.(4) The unavailability of LKPD in digital form.
This study uses the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model of instructional design development research (Jumaidin Budaeng et al., 2017).The ADDIE development model has five development stages, namely: (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, and (5) evaluation.The location of this research was carried out at Sukaresmi 06 State Elementary School, South Cikarang, Bekasi Regency, West Java.The research subjects in this development include three validators consisting of media expert test validators, language expert test validators, material expert test validators and the target users of this product are grade VI students of Sukaresmi 06 State Elementary School: Development E-Lkpd Based On Higher Order Thinking… P-ISSN: 1693-8585 E-ISSN: 2622-9218 Buana Pendidikan Vol.19 No. 2 (2023) | 164 . 19 No. 2 (2023) | 165 At this stage, researchers interviewed students to get an overview of making HOTS-based E-LKPD teaching materials by what students want.From the results of the interview, it can be concluded that students want to have digital-based teaching materials, with attractive images and practice questions that invite students to conduct learning practice experiments accompanied by video and audio that add to the attractiveness of learning.Therefore, researchers present a solution that is considered effective from students' opinions, namely developing practical HOTS-based E-LKPD teaching materials that can be used by students easily.
Figure 1.(a) Front cover and (b) back cover Figure 3. (a) Summary of material and (b) Audio display Figure 4. (a) YouTube display and (b) practice exercises

Table 1 .
Criteria for Validation Results