Development of A Volleyball Smash Measurement Tool

Abstract

This study aims to develop a valid and reliable volleyball smash power measurement tool as a means of evaluating athlete performance. The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D) using a modified Borg & Gall model, which includes the following stages: potential and problems, data collection, product design, expert validation, product revision, and limited field testing. The research subjects for the trials were volleyball athletes from the Bolo99 Club. The developed measurement tool consists of pressure sensors, such as load cell sensors, and target areas designed to record smash power in kilograms (kg), as well as directional accuracy based on target zones. The final product is a smash power measurement device equipped with load cell sensors to measure impact pressure. Validation results indicate that the tool meets the feasibility criteria: Media Expert Validation achieved a score of 38 (95%), categorized as "Excellent," with revisions made to the microcontroller layout. Coaching Expert Validation achieved a score of 25 (78%), categorized as "Good," with revisions involving the addition of foam for device safety. Volleyball Expert Validation achieved a score of 26 (72%), categorized as "Fair," with suggestions to replace the microcontroller indicators. Furthermore, the small-group trial obtained a score of 201 (93%) in the "Excellent" category, and the large-group trial obtained a score of 399 (92.36%), also in the "Excellent" category, both requiring no further revisions. These results demonstrate that this measurement tool can be used effectively for training and evaluating smash techniques in volleyball.