Tibuana : Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering
Tibuana : Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering is national scientific journals that are open to seeking innovation, creativity, and novelty. Tibuana : Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering is a peer-review journal published by the Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya. The aim of the journal is to facilitate scientific publication of the results of researches in Indonesia and participate to boost the quality and quantity of research for academics and researchers. Tibuana : Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering published in January, and July by publishing research results and critical analysis studies in the field of applied industrial engineering.
Operational Risk Analysis and Prioritization of Mitigation Strategies in the Production Process of Processed Sweet Potato Products at Ummah Cookies
The development of the local food industry in Indonesia faces challenges due to the increasing dominance of modern and imported food products, which have caused local food-based processed products to be increasingly marginalized. Ummah Cookies, as a local food processing MSME based on sweet potatoes and cassava, still faces various operational risks that have the potential to affect product quality and the stability of the production process. This study aims to analyze operational risks and determine risk mitigation strategies in the production process of sweet potato processed products at Ummah Cookies. The method used in this study is a combination of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The FMEA method is used to identify and prioritize risks based on Severity, Occurrence, and Detection values ​​through the calculation of the Risk Priority Number (RPN), while the AHP method is used to determine the priority of risk mitigation strategies. The results of the study showed that the highest risk in sweet potato brownies products was at the production stage in the form of the emergence of a strong sweet potato aroma with an RPN value of 330. Meanwhile, in sweet potato porridge products the highest risk was at the post-production stage in the form of products that spoil quickly during storage with an RPN value of 342. The results of the AHP analysis showed that the priority of risk mitigation in sweet potato brownies lies in the production aspect with an eigenvector value of 0.61, while in sweet potato porridge it lies in the post-production aspect with an eigenvector value of 0.49. Recommended risk mitigation strategies include controlling the quality of raw materials, controlling the temperature and cooking process, implementing production SOPs, and optimizing product storage and packaging systems. The implementation of these strategies is expected to be able to maintain product quality stability, increase production process efficiency, and minimize potential losses in local food MSMEs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tibuana : Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Production Process Quality Improvement In Ice Cream Manufacturing Using Integrated Pareto Chart and 5M1E Fishbone Diagram
The research object is the ice cream production process at PT Sejuk Abadi Nusantara, using production and quality-control records from January to June 2024. From 29,530 produced units, 630 defective units were identified, representing a defect rate of 2.13%. Pareto analysis indicated four vital few defects contributing 79.21% of total defects: non-uniform texture, excessive moisture content, uneven color, and non-standard portion size. A 5M1E Fishbone Diagram and 5-Why verification showed that dominant root causes were associated with machine, method, measurement, and human factors, especially freezer-temperature sensor drift, worn freezer gaskets, inconsistent hardening time, weak mixing standard operating procedures, and insufficient operator training. A corrective and preventive action plan was proposed, covering sensor calibration, freezer maintenance, hardening standardization, visual work instructions, operator training, moisture testing, environmental monitoring, and monthly calibration. The proposed actions are projected to reduce total defects from 630 to 222 units per semester, or 64.8%. The study demonstrates how integrated Pareto-Fishbone analysis can transform quality-control records into operational process-improvement decisions for frozen-food manufacturing.
Optimization Of Packing Material Inventalory Using ABC Analysis, Forecasting Methods, and Economic Order Quantity
Inventory management of packing materials in the flexible packaging industry often faces high investment value, inaccurate demand planning, and inefficient ordering quantities. This study aims to determine material priorities and optimal order quantities to minimize total inventory costs through an integrated approach. The methodology combines ABC Analysis for material classification, forecasting methods (Simple Average, Moving Average, Weighted Moving Average, and Single Exponential Smoothing) to predict demand, and Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) to determine optimal purchasing quantities. The results show that PLY material is categorized as class A with an investment contribution of 64.53%. Among forecasting methods, the 3-period Weighted Moving Average provides the best accuracy with the lowest MAPE value of 15.81%. EOQ calculations indicate optimal order quantities of 15,849 units for Plywood Multi 0280x0280x09 dia 77 and corresponding optimal quantities for other PLY materials. The integration of ABC, forecasting, and EOQ improves inventory efficiency and supports more reliable production planning.
ABC Analysis; Demand Forecasting; Economic Order Quantity; Inventory Management
Customer Segmentation in a Campus-Area Convenience Store Using K-Means Clustering
Customer segmentation is an important strategy for understanding differences in customer characteristics and supporting more targeted marketing decisions. In campus areas, convenience store customers generally consist of students with diverse demographic, economic, and accessibility characteristics, resulting in different purchasing behaviors. This study aims to identify customer segments of a convenience store located in the Campus X area of Yogyakarta using the K-Means Clustering algorithm. The study employed a quantitative approach with data mining techniques using customer data from students. The variables analyzed included age, income, shopping intensity, and residential distance from the store. The optimal number of clusters was determined using the Elbow Method before applying the K-Means algorithm. The results identified three customer segments with distinct characteristics. The largest segment consisted of customers living relatively close to the store and exhibiting high shopping intensity, while another segment was characterized by lower purchasing activity and greater residential distance. The smallest segment showed the highest income level and more diverse product preferences. Furthermore, differences in customer characteristics were reflected in product purchasing patterns across the identified segments. These findings indicate that accessibility and economic factors play important roles in shaping customer purchasing behavior in campus-area convenience stores. The results can serve as a reference for developing more targeted promotional and product management strategies.
Design of Fermentation Machine With Work System Evaluation Using Fishbone Diagram Method in Surabaya MSMES
Tempeh fermentation process in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Surabaya is generally still carried out conventionally, without the support of tools that are able to control the temperature and fermentation environment stably. Process inefficiencies and product quality irregularities are the main problems that business actors often face. This research aims to design a tempeh fermentation machine based on working system evaluation using the Fishbone Diagram method as an effort to develop appropriate technology. The research method used was descriptive-qualitative with an engineering approach, which included observation, interviews and field studies of three tempeh MSMEs in Surabaya. The results of the Fishbone Diagram analysis show that the main factors causing inefficiency include irregular work methods, lack of technical knowledge, lack of fermentation equipment, and unsupportive working environmental conditions. Based on the results of this evaluation, an MSME scale fermentation machine was designed with automatic temperature control, a capacity of 10–15 kg per batch, and an ergonomic design. Trials show that the machine is able to maintain a stable fermentation temperature, produce tempe products with more consistent quality, and reduce the physical workload of business actors. This research shows that the work systems approach in technology design is able to produce solutions that are contextual, functional and adaptive to the needs of MSMEs. These findings contribute to the development of science and technology in the fields of food technology, work ergonomics, and production equipment innovation based on local needs.
Optimization of Production Processes in Micro, Small and Medium Metal Enterprises (SMEs Metal) using Fuzzy-Kano, QFD and SPC Methods: a Systematic Literature Review
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), particularly in the metal industry, play a pivotal role in Indonesia’s economic development but face significant challenges in maintaining product quality, reducing defects, and responding to customer needs. This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to investigate the integration of Fuzzy-Kano, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), and Statistical Process Control (SPC) methods as a comprehensive approach for optimizing production processes in metal MSMEs. The literature was sourced from databases such as Scopus, Crossref, and Google Scholar, yielding 562 records, of which 35 relevant journal articles were analyzed in depth. Findings reveal that while QFD and SPC are frequently applied separately in MSMEs, research integrating these methods with Fuzzy-Kano remains limited. The review highlights that such integration offers substantial potential to improve product quality, align production with customer satisfaction, and enhance decision-making under uncertainty—ultimately supporting sustainable competitiveness. This study also identifies research gaps and proposes future directions, including the development of localized models tailored to SME contexts and the deeper integration of SPC within customer-oriented product development frameworks.
Evaluation of Measurement Instruments Using Fuzzy FMEA and MSA/GRR for Determining Calibration Intervals
Laboratory testing instruments are critical for ensuring accurate measurement results and maintaining product quality. Failures or performance decline in these instruments may affect testing reliability. This study evaluates potential instrument failures using Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (Fuzzy FMEA) and assesses measurement system capability via Measurement System Analysis (MSA) with Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (GRR). Five instruments Thickness Gauge, Roughness Tester, Tensile Tester, Density Tester, and Chromium Analyzer were analyzed. Fuzzy FMEA results show the Roughness Tester has the highest Fuzzy Risk Priority Number (FRPN = 8.93), followed by the Chromium Analyzer (8.20), Tensile Tester (6.40), Thickness Gauge (5.47), and Density Tester (3.33). Historical data validate that higher FRPN values correspond to more frequent operational failures. GRR analysis indicates all instruments maintain acceptable measurement system performance (%GRR < 30%). Based on these findings, calibration intervals are recommended according to risk level and system stability, promoting efficient calibration management and reliable testing results.
Integrated ABC–VED–AHP Framework for Prioritizing Returned Materials in Electricity Transmission Warehouse Management
Returned materials in electricity transmission warehouses represent ex-operational assets that may still contain economic value and operational utility. However, their accumulation can reduce warehouse efficiency, increase storage burden, and delay asset recovery decisions. In PT PLN (Persero) transmission warehouses, warehouse capacity utilization reached an average of 93.29%, exceeding the recommended operational threshold, with several warehouses experiencing overcapacity conditions. Existing classification practices remain administrative and do not provide a systematic basis for determining whether materials should be retained, repaired, reused, transferred, or disposed of. This study proposes an integrated multi-criteria decision framework for prioritizing returned materials by combining ABC analysis, VED analysis, physical condition assessment, reuse potential evaluation, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The framework was applied to 580 returned material items with a total replacement value of IDR 256,057,003,073. The AHP results show that operational criticality is the most influential criterion with a weight of 0.5342, followed by physical condition, economic value, and reuse potential. The consistency ratio was 0.0455, indicating consistent expert judgment. The final prioritization classified 397 items as high priority, 116 items as medium priority, and 67 items as low priority. The proposed framework supports more objective, transparent, and data-driven decision-making in returned material management and contributes to warehouse space optimization, dead stock reduction, and asset recovery improvement in electricity infrastructure systems.
AHP; electricity transmission warehouse; returned material; VED analysis
Applied Lean Warehousing-Based Optimization of Warehouse Processes at PT. XYZUsing Value Stream Mapping
Incoming warehouse operations are essential for maintaining material readiness in manufacturing systems. In practice, inefficiencies within these operations may increase lead time and generate activities that do not contribute to value creation. This study focuses on enhancing the performance of the incoming warehouse process at PT. XYZ through the application of lean warehousing supported by Value Stream Mapping (VSM). The study was carried out by examining the actual condition of receiving, recording, and storage activities using direct observation, time measurement, and process mapping. All identified activities were categorized according to their contribution to value creation. Process performance was assessed using Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) to quantify the ratio of value-added time to total lead time. The results indicate that the existing incoming warehouse process required 296 minutes to complete, with a PCE of 74.66%, reflecting the presence of non-value-added activities, particularly related to waiting and unnecessary movement. Improvement actions were then formulated using future state value stream mapping and workplace organization. The proposed future condition reduced the total lead time to 273 minutes and increased the PCE to 80.95%. These findings show that lean warehousing implementation can effectively improve process efficiency by reducing non-value-added activities in incoming warehouse operations. The study provides practical insight for manufacturing companies seeking to improve inbound warehouse performance through structured waste reduction initiatives.
Lean warehousing; Value stream mapping; Incoming warehouse; Process cycle efficiency; Lead time minimization
Engineering Design and Ergonomic Evaluation of an Assistive Device for Manual Material Handling
Manual material handling (MMH) remains a major contributor to work-related musculoskeletal disorders in manufacturing environments. This study proposes and evaluates an assistive device for box panel handling aimed at reducing ergonomic risk during lifting and transport operations at PT. XYZ. A case-study approach was employed using multiple ergonomic assessment methods, including the Nordic Body Map (NBM), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation (RNLE), and the Snook Tables. Baseline results indicated dominant lower-back (77%) and upper-back (71%) complaints, a high-risk REBA score of 12, low recommended weight limits (4.46–4.91 kg), and excessive lifting indices (5.50–6.05) for a maximum load of 37 kg. The Snook analysis yielded a maximum acceptable weight of 13.0 kg with a load-to-MAW ratio of 1.38. A trolley-based assistive device integrating lifting and transfer support was then designed to minimize trunk flexion and eliminate manual carrying during transport. Post-intervention evaluation showed substantial improvements, with the REBA score reduced to 1, lifting indices below unity, and the load-to-MAW ratio approaching zero. These results demonstrate that engineering controls in the form of practical assistive devices can effectively reduce ergonomic risk and improve manual material handling safety in industrial settings.
Application of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fishbone Diagram in the Analysis of Engine Component Failure on Harbour Mobile Crane
Container loading and unloading port is a port that uses Harbour Mobile Crane (HMC) as its main tool in the container loading and unloading process, and operates 24 hours. The high work intensity causes the HMC engine components to be susceptible to failure, thus disrupting the smooth operation of operational activities. This study aims to analyze the failure of Harbour Mobile Crane (HMC) engine components in a container loading and unloading service company using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fishbone Diagram methods. The FMEA method is used to identify engine component failures and determine the Risk Priority Number (RPN) value, while the fishbone diagram is used to identify the root cause of failure and determine recommendations. The results of the FMEA analysis on 7 engine components, the highest RPN value is found in the fuel filter component with an RPN value of 105. Furthermore, the component with the highest RPN value is analysed using a fishbone diagram to determine the root cause in terms of people, method, machines, material, measurements, management, environment, and maintenance factors. The results of the fishbone diagram analysis are used as a reference for providing recommendations using the risk control hierarchy, namely elimination, substitution, engineering, administrative control, and personal protective equipment.
Design and Build Household Electrical Power Limiters Based on Priority Lines for Electricity Usage with Arduino Microcontroller Based
To realize energy savings, especially electrical energy on a household scale, one thing that is usually done is turning off unnecessary equipment. However, this kind of conventional method requires high discipline and the success rate is quite low due to many factors, one of which is forgetting. One solution that can be applied to this problem is the need for tools that can force electricity users to turn off electricity if usage has exceeded a certain limit. To be able to measure electricity consumption, an energy measuring sensor is used which is then processed on the microcontroller and drives the circuit breaker relay. In making this tool using the experimental method, by planning based on references from the literature and experiments directly to the equipment. With this, it is hoped that the expected tools will be realized and can contribute to saving energy in the community.
KWh Sensor, Arduino Nano, Electrical Power Meter
Optimizing Vehicle Routing with Soft Time Windows Using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
Determining delivery routes that minimize total cost is a key issue in goods distribution. This study focuses on a bottled drinking water (AMDK) company in City X that distributes its products to multiple retail outlets with different service time requirements. Such conditions fall within the scope of the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (VRPTW). In this study, a soft time windows approach is adopted, allowing vehicles to serve retailers beyond their specified time limits at the expense of penalty costs. The main objective is to identify optimal delivery routes under the soft time windows policy while minimizing total cost. The results demonstrate that the Hybrid Genetic Algorithm outperforms the initial solution in terms of total cost reduction. The initial routes are generated using the Nearest Insertion Heuristic and subsequently refined through mutation processes within the genetic algorithm framework.
Distribution Routing Optimization; VRPTW; Nearest Insertion Heuristic; Hybrid Genetic Algorithm; Soft Time Windows; Total cost minimization.
Optimizing Charter Scheme Selection for Coal Transport Vessels Through Capital Budgeting Indicators
Coal distribution via maritime transport is essential to meeting Indonesia’s national energy demands, creating business opportunities for bulk carrier operators and prompting a financial feasibility study on four investment schemes at a Surabaya-based shipping company: MV. Alpha (owned vessel) and MV. Beta (chartered vessel), each under Voyage Charter and Time Charter contracts. The assessment employs capital budgeting methods—Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). Results show that all schemes are financially feasible. MV. Alpha–Voyage Charter records a PP of 4.6 months, NPV of Rp 41.1 billion, and BCR of 1.15, while Time Charter results in PP 7.4 months, NPV Rp 16.5 billion, and BCR 1.11. MV. Beta–Voyage Charter has a PP of 12.1 months, NPV Rp 15.3 billion, and BCR 1.03; whereas Time Charter achieves PP 5.3 months, NPV Rp 44.4 billion, and BCR 1.09. Incremental analysis reveals that MV. Alpha–Voyage Charter yields an incremental benefit of Rp 147.8 billion over Time Charter with an additional cost of Rp 123.2 billion, resulting in an incremental BCR of 1.20. For MV. Beta, Voyage Charter incurs Rp 29 billion in extra costs without added benefits, producing an incremental BCR of 0, making Time Charter the more efficient option.
Investment Feasibility, Bulk Carrier Operations
Productivity Improvement Knuckle Steering Production Line through the Objective Matrix (OMAX) Method
In the face of market dynamics and increasing demand, the company needs to optimise productivity in every production line, including the knuckle steering item line. This study aims to measure and evaluate productivity using the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method, which integrates several key performance ratios. The analysis results showed that the highest productivity occurred in March 2024 (517.2), while the lowest was in September 2024 (23.6). The lowest ratio was production achievement to machine capacity, contributing only 27 out of a total score of 131. The low productivity is due to the lack of operator competence, suboptimal machine maintenance, long process duration, and the high amount of defective material from the foundry process. These findings emphasise the importance of comprehensive improvements in human resources, machine maintenance, and raw material quality control to drive sustainable productivity improvements.
Operational Readiness Improvement in Make-to-Order Carton Packaging Systems: An Applied Industrial Engineering Study
Make-to-order manufacturing systems are highly dependent on operational readiness to ensure that available production time is effectively converted into output. In practice, many production facilities experience idle production days, where scheduled production time is available but no output is realized, leading to inefficiencies that are not fully captured by machine-based performance indicators alone. This study aims to analyze operational readiness in a carton packaging production system by examining the relationship between available production time, execution readiness, and output realization. A quantitative case study approach was applied using daily operational data from a carton packaging workshop, including planned production time, downtime, output records, and production execution status. The analysis differentiates between active production days and idle production days to identify readiness-related gaps affecting production utilization. The results show that high machine availability does not necessarily guarantee effective production execution, as a significant proportion of available production time remains unutilized due to readiness issues related to scheduling, material availability, and setup preparedness. This study provides applied insights into operational readiness improvement and offers practical recommendations to enhance production time utilization in make-to-order manufacturing environments. Key Words : applied industrial engineering; operational readiness; make-to-order manufacturing; production execution; carton packaging
Holistic Effects of Supply Chain Digitalization on the Sustainability of Food MSMEs: Evidence from a PLS-SEM Hierarchical Model in Padang
This study examines the effect of supply chain digitalization on the sustainability of food micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Padang, Indonesia. Sustainability is conceptualized as an integrated construct comprising economic, social, and environmental dimensions. A quantitative research design was employed using survey data collected from 50 food MSMEs, which were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0. The results show that supply chain digitalization has a significant positive effect on sustainability when assessed holistically, whereas its direct effects on the economic, social, and environmental dimensions individually are not statistically significant. These findings indicate that the contribution of digitalization to MSME sustainability is realized through an integrated mechanism rather than through isolated sustainability dimensions. Theoretically, this study contributes to literature by reinforcing the importance of a holistic sustainability perspective in explaining the impact of supply chain digitalization. Practically, the findings provide insights for policymakers and MSME practitioners to promote integrated digital adoption strategies that support long-term sustainable performance.
Digitalization, Supply Chain, Sustainability, PLS-SEM, MSMEs
Minimization of Defects in the Loading and Unloading Process of Gallon Water Using a Lean Manufacturing and Value Stream Mapping Approach
Logistics processes, particularly in the loading and unloading area, pose a critical challenge for the Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) industry, as they have the potential to reduce profitability due to waste. This study aims to eliminate non-productive activities in the distribution line of PT XYZ using a Lean Manufacturing approach. By integrating Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to map process flows and the Waste Assessment Model (WAM) to weight operational issues, this study examines the company’s operational problems. The identification results indicate that defect is the most dominant form of waste, contributing 24.37% of the total waste variability, which significantly hampers distribution flow. Root Cause Analysis (RCA) highlights employee discipline and operational work instructions as the primary factors causing these defects. As a mitigation strategy, this study formulates improvement recommendations based on restructuring work instructions and strengthening employee discipline standards to reduce defect rates and accelerate service lead time.
Defect; Lean Manufacturing; Loading-Unloading; Value Stream Mapping
Application of The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Strategic Factory Selection for Putra Madura Sejati Cigarette Company in Pamekasan
The tobacco industry in Indonesia is developing rapidly. Indonesia itself is the fifth largest tobacco producing country. Cigarettes are one of the sectors that contribute the most to excise and foreign exchange revenues for the country. With the rapid growth of the cigarette industry, producers must design good strategies to continue to compete and develop in this cigarette industry, one of which is finding a strategic factory location for consumer satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to find the best location for the PR Putra Madura Sejati cigarette factory based on the criteria of accessibility, environment, workforce, market, and traffic. And the alternative locations that will be selected in this research are located in Pamekasan district, namely on Blumbungan Street, Bangunran Street, Larangan Street, and Pademawu Street. The method used this time is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on the results of the pairwise comparison between the criteria, this time it shows that the accessibility criterion has a value of 0.09, the environment has a value of 0.23, the workforce has a value of 0.47, the market has a value of 0.05, and traffic has a value of 0.16. then the results of the pairwise comparison between the accessibility criteria with all alternatives obtained the nyalaran road alternative has the highest value with 0.59, environmental criteria with the alternative namely nyalaran road highest with 0.53, workforce criteria with the alternative namely blumbungan road highest with 0.49, market criteria with the alternative namely pademawu road with 0.49, and traffic criteria with the alternative namely nyalaran road with 0.52. The final result of the pairwise comparison between all alternatives and all criteria shows that Jalan nyalaran is the best location to be selected with a value of 41.6. The author advises PR Putra Madura Sejati to continue implementing strategies by getting closer to the market and selecting skilled workers so that the quality of the cigarettes created will be better and can provide satisfaction to consumers.
AHP, Customer Satisfaction, cigarette factory, location selection
Mental Workload Analysis of Student Members of the Mosque Management Committee at Campus X Using NASA-TLX
Students who serve as administrators of campus mosques often face dual responsibilities: fulfilling academic obligations while simultaneously managing various religious activities on campus. Balancing these roles can lead to a considerable mental workload. This study aims to assess the level of mental burden experienced by students actively involved as campus mosque administrators. The research was conducted at a university mosque located in Yogyakarta. Mental workload was measured using the NASA-TLX instrument, which evaluates six key dimensions of cognitive load. Findings revealed an average mental workload score of 71.14, categorized as high. A total of 80% of participants reported experiencing high to very high levels of mental stress. The most prominent contributing dimensions were mental demand, effort, and perceived performance. These results highlight the need for effective workload management strategies, including equitable task distribution, engagement of external volunteers, stress and time management training, and promoting awareness of the importance of balancing academic and organizational commitments.
Effect of 3D Printing Parameters on Dimensional Accuracy Using the Taguchi and Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Advances in technology in the manufacturing industry have driven the use of 3D printing as a fast and efficient prototyping solution. This study aims to optimize the process parameters of FDM 3D printing using PLA+ material with ASTM D-638-04 type specimens. The process parameters tested include printing speed, nozzle temperature, layer thickness, infill rate, and bed temperature, each at three levels. Optimization was performed using the Taguchi method and Response Surface Methodology (RSM), with a focus on dimensional accuracy (length, width, and thickness) as the primary response. The optimal parameters obtained from the Taguchi method are printing speed of 45 mm/s, nozzle temperature of 240°C, layer thickness of 0.30 mm, infill rate of 100%, and bed temperature of 55°C. Meanwhile, the RSM method yielded the following optimal parameters printing speed of 50 mm/s, nozzle temperature of 240°C, layer thickness of 0.30 mm, infill rate of 100%, and bed temperature of 60.65°C
Copyright (c) 2025 Tibuana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Community Perceptions and Preference on The Condition of Temu Traditional Market Facilities and Infrastructure
The market is a palce where producers and consumers meet to interact in buying and selling daily necessities. This interaction activity certainly requires adequate support for facilities and infrastructure. The traditional market of Temu Market located in Sidoarjo Regency is managed by the government with an operational system by the Sidoarjo Regency Market Service. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the facilities and infrastructure of the Temu Traditional Market, to determine the perception and preferences of the community towards the facilities and infrastructure of the traditional market and the development strategy of the temu Traditional market based on community perseptions and preferences. The data analysis method used is the analysis of interest performance analysis (IPA). The results of the analysis of the condition of the facilities and infrastructure of the temu Traditional market, out of 13 indicators there are 10 facilities and infrastructure that are appropriate, namely Shops, kiosks, stalls, parking areas, loading and unloading areas, management offices, toilets, places of worship, drainage, trash cans, road access and clean water. The results of the analysis of community perceptions and preferences regarding the Temu Market are the main priorities that need attention are the security post and waste management. The performance that needs to be maintained because it has received good appreciation from the community is the toilet/bathroom, loading and unloading area, management office and place of worship.
Development Value Stream Mapping to Identify 8 Types of Waste
This study proposes an Extended Value Stream Mapping (Extended VSM) framework to address the limitations of traditional VSM in identifying all eight types of waste (Muda), particularly those associated with human factors, environmental conditions, and material movement. While conventional VSM effectively maps value-added and non-value-added activities, it often fails to detect motion waste, transportation inefficiencies, and underutilized human potential. The proposed framework integrates time measurement using Stopwatch Time Study (STS), workflow analysis through the Flow Process Chart (FPC), ergonomic risk evaluation with the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), mental workload assessment via NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), and environmental condition indicators such as lighting, temperature, and noise. Designed for labor-intensive production systems, Extended VSM offers a multidimensional mapping tool capable of supporting continuous improvement initiatives. Although this research does not include a real-case implementation, the framework is designed to be practically applicable and empirically validated in future studies.
Development of a Framework for Lean Education Implementation in Vocational High Schools
Lean, which aims to eliminate waste, has been applied to manufacturing and non-manufacturing operations. Some studies reported lean applications improving operations in universities and high schools. This study aims to develop a framework for implementing Lean Education for vocational high schools (SMK). This research is motivated by various forms of waste in SMK operations, such as long waiting times. Combination of an exploratory qualitative approach, literature review and expert validation are utilized to construct a context-specific framework. The proposed framework consists of three main stages: pre-implementation, implementation, and post-implementation, each comprising key activities such as waste identification, staff training, process mapping, lean strategy execution, and continuous improvement. This framework is expected to support SMK in minimizing waste and aligning vocational education more closely with industry needs, thereby enhancing the quality of its graduates.
Implementation of Age Replacement Method for Molding Machine Maintenance at PT. KMI
The rapid development of the industrial world has caused the manufacturing industry to think hard to survive the fierce competition. PT. KMI is a company engaged in industrial furniture, oriented to the best quality in its products and supported by sophisticated technology in the production process. The problem that occurs is unexpected machine damage causing the production process to stop. The way to overcome this is to schedule the replacement of components that are susceptible to damage, especially sensors, bearings and roller trans. Determination of critical components using the ABC method and the age replacement method. The selection of damage distribution, at this stage is based on the goodness of fit value. One way to increase productivity is to schedule the replacement of components that are susceptible to damage, especially sensors, bearings and roller trans. The recommended replacement time is 128 days for sensors with a cost reduction of IDR 1.848.097 for replacement of sensor components, 261 days for bearing components with a cost reduction of IDR 1.301.553 and 251 days for roller trans components with a cost reduction of IDR 1.646.870. by using the ABC method, 3 critical components can be found, namely sensors and bearings with a percentage value of 42.80% for sensors, 20.95% for bearings, and 14.03% for Roller trans. The most optimal time interval for the three components is the sensor component 128 days with downtime cost savings of IDR 1.848.097. The bearing component 261 days with downtime cost savings of IDR 1.301.553. The roller trans component 251 days with downtime cost savings of IDR 1.646.870.
Normal time, Standard time, cycle time, Production process.
Occupational Health and Safety Risk Assessment Application in Oil Refinery Using Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC)
This research aims to evaluate occupational safety and health (OHS) risks in the oil refinery unit of PT XYZ using the HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control) method. This method involves three main stages: hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk control. The research was conducted descriptively qualitatively through field observations, interviews, and the use of the HIRARC checklist. The identification results show that several work areas, such as the evaporator, separator, and stabilizer, have a Very High risk level due to extreme pressure and temperature, gas leakage, and the potential for explosion and fire. The risk assessment was conducted by considering the likelihood and consequence of each hazard. The risk control strategies analyzed include technical, administrative, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). However, most controls are still dominated by administrative approaches, while technical controls such as gas detection systems and shutdown automation have not been implemented optimally. The implementation of HIRARC has proven to be effective in systematically identifying and controlling risks, and contributing to a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment in the oil and gas industry.
Accident Risk, HIRARC, Occupational Safety, Refinery Unit
Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Strategic Site Selection for Software Development Branch Expansion in Indonesia
In an era where digital transformation dictates the survival of technology firms, selecting the optimal branch location is no longer a peripheral decision it is a strategic imperative. This study offers a powerful yet practical application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to evaluate potential expansion sites for a mid-sized software development company in Indonesia. By integrating expert judgments with location-specific criteria such as talent availability, infrastructure reliability, ecosystem proximity, and cost efficiency, the AHP model provides a structured, transparent, and replicable framework for decision-making. The results clearly identify Location A—an urban tech hub near major IT universities as the most strategic choice, significantly outperforming other alternatives. More than just a location ranking, this model demonstrates how conventional decision-making in software enterprise expansion can be elevated through applied analytical thinking. The study also proves that even without high-end analytics platforms, decision models built in common tools like Excel can yield robust and scalable insights. These findings carry immediate relevance for technology firms, policy planners, and academic researchers who seek to align operational expansion with long-term innovation and productivity outcomes in knowledge-based industries.
Analytic Hierarchy Process; Branch Location; Software Industry; Strategic Decision-Making
Applying Production Capacity Planning Analysis to Enhance Operational Efficiency in the Garment Industry
Rira Clothing Convection is a business engaged in convection by producing Muslim clothes for girls. The demand to always be dynamic in adjusting to the development of fashion trends on a regular basis shows the company's awareness of the importance of adapting to the ever-changing market. The existence of these fluctuations certainly affects the production process which includes the target number of clothes that must be produced, the determination of the number and schedule for ordering raw materials, the production process time, the number of machines needed and others. The purpose of this study is to minimize the cost of raw material inventory with the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) Method and plan the optimal production capacity so that production runs effectively and efficiently with the Capacity Requirement Planning (CRP) Method. The results of the study obtained that the calculation of the minimum inventory used the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) method with the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) technique. The total inventory cost for the main raw materials is Diamond Crepe fabric with four orders of 427.5 meters/order and Rayon Stretch fabric with three orders of 745.5 meters/order of Rp 1,400,000. The optimal production capacity planning is the number of working days at the pattern making, cutting and sewing stations as many as four days in five periods and 4.5 days in one period, while in the bundling, packing and finishing stations as many as four days in six periods.
The application of Lean Manufacturing at PT XYZ Packaging Unit with the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) Approach
The challenges of manufacturing companies in facing global market competition must be able to maintain the effectiveness and efficiency of operational processes that take place, including one strategy in getting good work productivity by focusing on eliminating waste that occurs in the operational process. In the packaging process, there are 14 activities classified into 9 operation activities, 3 transportation activities, 1 inspection activity and 1 storage activity. Of all these activities are categorized as 50% value added activity with a time percentage of 62%, non-value added activity neccessary activity of 36% with a time percentage of 29%, while 14% of activities as non-value added activity with 9% percentage of time. Improvements are made by adding a transfer conveyor from raw materials to the hopper, categorizing activities outside packaging as external activities, changing the number of operators and work schedules, eliminating activities with pallet investment. The impact of the improvement is by eliminating activities from 14 activities to 12 activities.
Lean Manufacturing, Non Value Added Activity, Value Added Activity, Value Stream Mapping
Quality Control of Glass Bottle Drinking Water Products Using the Six Sigma Method
This study aims to strengthen production performance and product quality to achieve various financial and strategic goals, such as market share, competitiveness, and profitability. The problem faced by this company is in product quality control where there are still defective products that arise during the production process. Therefore, this study uses Six Sigma with the concept of Difine Measure Analysis Improve Control (DMAIC) as a step to optimize production procedures at UD. NUSAQU whose product is bottled drinking water. The focus of this study is visual of product defects in the form of cups which are divided into two, namely Grade A and Grade B, which are distinguished based on the plastic cup material used. The results of data testing show that in Grade A and Grade B, slanted lid damage has the highest level of damage, but in Grade B the results are the same as leaking cups. The DPMO value produced in Grade A is 62,633.914, while in Grade B it is 130,961.47. The smaller the DPMO value, the better the product quality. The average value of Six-Sigma for Grade A is 3.03, while Grade B is 2.63. Based on these values, it can be concluded that Grade A has better quality than Grade B, but both require improvement and enhancement efforts to achieve 6 sigma.