Wahana Aktivitas dan Kreativitas Teknologi Unipasby (WAKTU) is an open-access journal that provides authors with the opportunity to publish their work in various fundamental and interdisciplinary areas of engineering. The subject coverage of WAKTU includes all aspects of Engineering, encompassing disciplines such as Aerospace, Bioengineering, Chemical, Civil and Environmental, Electrical, Energy, Industrial and Manufacturing, and Mechanical Engineering. WAKTU Journal welcomes the submission of two types of papers: full research papers and article review papers. We value the importance of high-quality research and therefore subject all submitted manuscripts to a rigorous peer-review process. This ensures the integrity and excellence of the published work. WAKTU Journal follows a biannual publication schedule, with Issue No. 1 released in January and Issue No. 2 in July. This allows us to provide a regular platform for researchers to share their findings and contribute to the field of engineering.
Fakultas Teknik , Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya
Comparative Analysis of the Characteristics of Biodegradable Plastics Based on Cassava Starch, Durian Seed Starch, and Purple Sweet Potato Starch
Conventional plastics made from synthetic polymers have non-biodegradable properties that cause environmental problems. This study aims to compare the characteristics of biodegradable plastics based on cassava starch, durian seed starch, and purple sweet potato starch. Film production was carried out using a blending method with varying chitosan concentrations (0; 1; and 2%). Characterizations carried out included tensile strength, elongation, swelling, air solubility, and biodegradation tests. The results showed that the type of starch and chitosan concentration significantly affected the mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable plastics. Purple sweet potato starch plastic had the highest tensile strength, the lowest swelling and air solubility values, but the slowest biodegradation rate. Cassava starch plastic showed balanced mechanical and degradation characteristics. Meanwhile, durian seed starch plastic had the lowest tensile strength, the highest swelling and air solubility values, but the fastest biodegradation rate.
Copyright (c) 2026 WAKTU: Jurnal Teknik UNIPA
Analisis Pemilihan Jenis Turbin PLTMH Berdasarkan Rentang Head pada Sistem Pemanfaatan Air Buangan Pembangkit Listrik
Pemanfaatan air buangan pembangkit Listrik melalui Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) merupakan strategi energy recovery untuk meningkatkan efisiensi sistem energi. Karakteristik air buangan yang umumnya memiliki head rendah hingga sangat rendah dengan debit relative stabil memerlukan pendekatan pemilihan turbin yang berbeda pada PLTA konvensional. Artikel ini menyajikan analisis kritis dan sintesis teknis pemilihan turbin PLTMH berdasarkan rentang head pada pemanfaatan air buangan pembangkit listrik. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan kerangka pemilihan turbin PLTMH yang terintegrasi dan aplikatif berdasarkan hubungan karakteristik head-debit dengan kesesuaian teknis dan kinerja turbin. Metode penelitian menggunakan systematic literatur review terhadap lebih dari 25 jurnal nasional dan internasional. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa turbin Archimedes screw dan waterwheel modern paling sesuai untuk kondisi very load head (≤ 2m), sedangkan turbin crossflow optimal untuk kondisi low head hingga medium head (2-20m). Artikel ini berkontribusi dalam menyediakan acuan teknis pemilihan turbin PLTMH berbasis air buangan pembangkit untuk mengembangkan sistem energy recovery pada pembangkit listrik eksisting.
Strategi Penguatan Daya Dukung Sanitasi Berkelanjutan di Kawasan Pesisir Sukolilo Baru Surabaya
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting dan arahan penguatan daya dukung sanitasi berkelanjutan di wilayah pesisir Sukolilo Baru Surabaya. Metode analisis data deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data menggunakan skala likert. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan sebar kuisioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi saluran drainase meliputi tiga aspek yakni perkerasan, keberadaan endapan serta luas saluran drainase. Seluruh saluran drainase yang tersedia memiliki perkerasan beton. Terdapat endapan pada seluruh saluran drainase yang meliputi endapan lumpur, pasir dan sampah. Luas drainase secara keseluruhan sebesar 2,45 m2 yang terdiri dari saluran primer seluas 0,39 m2 saluran sekunder seluas 0,25 m2 dan saluran tersier seluas 1,80 m2. Prasarana air limbah di wilayah pesisir Sukolilo Baru secara umum masih terbatas dan belum memiliki TPST. Pewadahan persampahan sudah dilakukan dari rumah tangga dan pewadahan komunal. Arahan penguatan daya dukung sanitasi berkelanjutan yang dapat dilakukan adalah normalisasi saluran drainase, sistem drainase tertutup, perawatan dan pembersihan drainase secara rutin, partisipasi pemerintah untuk normalisasi drainase, pengolahan air limbah yang efektif, ritasi pengangkutan sampah secara konsisten, edukasi tentang pengelolaan air limbah rumah tangga, bantuan sarana dan prasarana dari pemerintah untuk sanitasi, dan memperketat pengawasan pemerintah terhadap praktik pengelolaan sanitasi lingkungan.
Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Perekat Tepung Tapioka terhadap Nilai Kalor Briket dari Arang Ampas Tebu Kuning dan Ampas Tebu Hitam
Indonesia menghasilkan ampas tebu dalam jumlah besar yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku briket arang bernilai ekonomi. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi jumlah perekat tepung tapioka terhadap nilai kalor dengan menggunakan bahan baku ampas tebu kuning dan ampas tebu hitam. Metode yang digunakan true experiment dengan variasi jumlah perekat tepung tapioka yaitu 0%, 10%, 20% dan 30%. Proses pembuatan briket meliputi: pengeringan, karbonisasi, penggilingan, pengayakan, pencampuran dan pencetakan. Briket dicetak berbentuk kubus dengan diameter 2,5cm × 2,5 cm. Pengepresan menggunakan alat hidrolik manual dengan dongkrak 3 ton dan pressgauge. Pengeringan briket memakai oven listrik pada suhu 90°C selama 1,5 jam. Pengujian nilai kalor menggunakan alat bomb calorinmeter sesuai standar ASTM D 5865-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi perekat 10% menghasilkan briket dengan kualitas fisik terbaik, tidak mudah pecah dan hancur serta nilai kalor briket arang tebu kuning sebesar 4121,62 Cal/g dan arang tebu hitam sebesar 5053,5 Cal/g.
Analisa Model Strategi Korporasi dalam Penetrasi Perilaku Pembelian pada Industri Roti PT. Hikmat Penuh Berkat
Larrita Bakery has become a very popular company in Surabaya. It is certainly a pioneer among food companies that cater to all segments of society. PT Hikmat Penuh Berkat is the owner of this brand, which is supported by approximately 41 outlets within the city. The purpose of this study is to examine the modeling of corporate strategy aspects, including: the influence of market segmentation, product innovation, competency development, expansion, pricing strategy, branding marketing, operational efficiency, sustainability, and agility on purchasing behavior. The results of the data analysis show that not all Corporate Strategy attributes influence Purchasing Behavior. The only attributes that have an influence are Market Segmentation (P=0.007), Product Innovation (P=0.018), Competency Development (P=0.033), and Agility (P=0.016).
Kajian Perencanaan Bangunan Gedung Konsep “Temu Gelang“ Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya (Kampus Dukuh Menanggal)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji makna konsep bangunan gedung konsep temu gelang di Kampus Dukuh Menanggal Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode analisis konten tematik dan interpretasi kontekstual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa RTH tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai elemen ekologis, tetapi juga sebagai ruang spiritual, sosial, dan edukatif. Penataan kampus dengan konsep “Temu Gelang” melambangkan nilai kesatuan dan kontinuitas hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan dan alam. RTH menjadi bagian penting dalam mewujudkan prinsip rahmatan lil ‘alamin, yaitu kampus yang ramah lingkungan, inklusif, dan mencerminkan nilai-nilai agama dalam perencanaan ruang yang berkelanjutan.
Implementing QFD for improving service quality and social fund management
The research conducted at Foundation X aimed to develop its services to improve the quality by identifying the attributes of the services and describing the facilities. The analysis used Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Following the preliminary survey and interviews, questionnaires were then distributed to respondents (consumers) to determine the voice of customers. Furthermore, the data were processed using QFD. The research results are as follows: 1) Transparency is the attribute with the highest importance level and with a value of importance of 4.62; 2) the Donor Service Program is the service attribute with the top priority to be developed or improve the performance and with a weight value of 4.65129; 3) the Report of Revenue/Routine Expenditures to Donors is the technical response with the top priority to be developed or improved, with a priority value of 3.00852 and a normalized contribution of 15.9%. Keywords : foundation, QFD, attribute, voice of customer
Copyright (c) 2025 WAKTU: Jurnal Teknik UNIPA
Studi perbandingan viskositas dan kelayakan beberapa merek oli SAE 10W-40 menggunakan prototipe alat falling ball viscometer
The determination of oil quality in conventional engine vehicles is carried out by measuring the coefficient of viscosity and kinematic viscosity. Good kinematic viscosity should not decrease by more than 50% from its initial value. This research uses the Falling Ball Viscometer (FBV) method to measure the viscosity of five brands of SAE 10W-40 oil: Enduro 4T Racing, Shell Advance 4T, Castrol Power 1 4T, Fastron Techno, and Mobil Supermoto at temperatures of 40°C and 100°C. Testing was performed on new oil and after traveling 3000 km. The results showed a decrease in kinematic viscosity by 21%-42% at 40°C and 24%-30% at 100°C. The device uses a reed switch magnet sensor and Arduino UNO microcontroller to process and display data on an LCD. The comparison between the device and manual measurement showed a difference of 0.12-0.7 at 40°C and 0.06-2.16 at 100°C, with an average correction of 0.84-1.5 at 40°C and 0.23-0.40 at 100°. This research is crucial for vehicle users as it provides more accurate information regarding the degradation of oil quality after usage, helping users determine the optimal time for oil replacement to maintain fuel efficiency, performance, and engine durability. For the lubricant industry, the findings of this research can be utilized to improve oil formulations that are more resistant to viscosity reduction due to temperature and mileage, thereby meeting higher quality standards in the market.
Pengembangan Kawasan Permukiman Kumuh Menjadi Kawasan Permukiman Ekologis di Kawasan Pesisir Muncar
This study aims to examine the development of slum areas into ecological settlement areas in the coastal area of ​​Muncar. Coastal areas often face various problems, such as irregular buildings, lack of facilities and infrastructure, and low environmental quality, which have an impact on community health and welfare. In this context, the development of ecological areas is important to improve the quality of life of the community while maintaining the sustainability of the coastal environment. This research approach uses a mix methods method, namely quantitative and qualitative descriptions. The results of the study are expected to provide an overview of the strategic steps that need to be taken in seven aspects such as buildings, road networks, drainage, drinking water, waste processing, wastewater processing, and fire protection.
IDENTIFIKASI HUBUNGAN ARSITEKTUR DAN ARTEFAK KOTA: STUDI TERHADAP RUMAH SAKIT DARMO, SURABAYA
Darmo Hospital in Surabaya is a historical building that embodies both historical significance and distinctive colonial architectural design by G.C. Citroen. This study aims to identify the relationship between the building’s architecture and its role in shaping Surabaya’s city identity. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through field observations, documentation of architectural elements, and literature studies, focusing on aspects of memory, distinctiveness, and design. The findings reveal that Darmo Hospital not only symbolizes the adaptation of colonial architecture to the tropical climate but also preserves the collective memory of residents as a monumental building marking the development of the Darmo area. The authenticity of its design, which has been maintained to the present day, reinforces its function as an urban artifact that plays a significant role in the historical dynamics and identity of Surabaya.
PEMETAAN FAKTOR PENYEBAB STUNTING DI KECAMATAN WARU, KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Waru District is one of the districts in Sidoarjo Regency and is a district focused on stunting based on the Decree of the Regent of Sidoarjo Regency in 2021. Waru District is one of 6 districts in special locations for handling stunting in Sidoarjo Regency. The stunting rate in Waru District is categorized as high with a case percentage of 19% in 2021. This study aims to map the causes and problems of stunting, priorities for handling and how to handle stunting. The research method uses qualitative descriptive analysis with content analysis techniques using NVIVO. Data collection methods are carried out through interviews, documentation and surveys of related agencies. The results of the study show that the mapping of causes of stunting is influenced by social, economic and unemployment aspects. The policy implications that can be taken are to reduce stunting rates by increasing the implementation of village programs based on food security.
EVALUASI EFISIENSI BIAYA DAN WAKTU PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN MENGGUNAKAN VALUE ENGINEERING
Value Engineering is a systematic approach aimed at enhancing the value of a project by identifying and eliminating costs that do not significantly contribute to the primary function of the construction. The objective of this study is to examine how the application of Value Engineering in bridge construction projects can improve cost and time efficiency, identify the main challenges encountered in implementing Value Engineering in bridge construction projects, and explore solutions to overcome these challenges. Additionally, this study aims to analyze the impact of Value Engineering on the quality, safety, and sustainability of bridge construction projects. The research method used in this study is qualitative. The findings indicate that Value Engineering can be a highly effective tool in enhancing the efficiency of bridge construction projects if implemented correctly. To achieve optimal results, the application of Value Engineering must be conducted through comprehensive analysis, involving experts in the field, and supported by appropriate regulations.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA DI SEPANJANG PEMBANGUNAN JALUR LINTAS SELATAN (JLS) DI KECAMATAN PANGGUL KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK
This research aims to identify strategies for developing the Southern Cross Route in Panggul District, Trenggalek Regency. The analysis methods used in this research are qualitative descriptive for the first problem formulation and SWOT analysis for the second problem formulation. The data collection methods used include observation, questionnaires, institutional surveys, and interviews. This research identifies tourism potential in Panggul District, supported by natural beauty and local cultural richness. The SWOT analysis results show a Strengths - Weaknesses score of -0.80 and an Opportunities - Threats score of -0.20, indicating a position in quadrant III. These findings provide a basis for developing strategies that can enhance the appeal and sustainability of tourism in the area.The tourism development strategy along the Southern Cross Route should focus on several key points. First, strengthening spatial planning regulations. Second, increasing local community involvement through education and training will empower them as key players in the tourism industry. Third, the utilization of supporting attractions, such as biodiversity and local culture, should be carried out in a sustainable manner.
IMPLEMENTASI KINERJA DAN PELAYANAN PADA BUS TRANS JATIM KORIDOR I (SIDOARJO-SURABAYA-GRESIK)
The Provincial Government of East Java, in collaboration with Perum Damri, has launched the Trans Jatim Bus Corridor I, which runs from Porong Terminal to Bunder Terminal, as part of a public transportation development initiative utilizing the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) concept. The Trans Jatim Bus aims to provide excellent service by involving private entities as operators and serves as an innovative solution for community mobility. This study aims to evaluate the performance and service quality of public transportation, as well as the outcomes of implementing the 2016 BRT Standard on the Trans Jatim Bus Corridor I. Data collection methods include observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The analysis method used is a mixed-method approach: operational performance is analyzed quantitatively, while service performance is assessed using qualitative descriptive analysis with the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) technique. The implementation of Trans Jatim Bus Corridor I is evaluated through qualitative descriptive analysis with scoring techniques. The operational performance results show an average load factor of 83.54%, a headway of 7 minutes during peak hours and 8 minutes during normal hours, and a passenger count of 463 people per bus per day. The Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) results indicate that the top service priorities for Trans Jatim Bus Corridor I are that drivers consistently prioritize safety and traffic flow and always use the left lane except when overtaking or changing direction. The implementation of the 2016 BRT Standard on Trans Jatim Bus Corridor I is considered good, with a service percentage of 80%. This achievement is attributed to the fulfillment of 8 out of the 9 variables of the 2016 BRT Standard.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY RISK ANALISYS USING FMEA METHODS (FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALISYS) APPROACH IN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING MANUFCTURING PROCESS LABORATORY OF PGRI ADI BUANA SURABAYA UNIVERSITY
The manufacturing process laboratory of Industrial Engineering, PGRI Adi Buana University Surabaya is the main laboratory in production and research. Small errors in the use of equipment or procedures that are not carried out properly can cause work accidents such as injuries, fires, and even damage to laboratory equipment. K3 risk analysis is needed to minimize the occurrence of work accidents. With this FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) method to analyze the most influential causes and possible failures in the risk of work accidents. All severity levels are evaluated based on three criteria. The first criterion, risk assessment or Saverity (S), the second criterion, severity assessment or Occurrence (O), and the third criterion, assessment of the causes of detected failures or Detection (D). K3 analysis using the FMEA method can identify 9 risks of work accidents identified in the Industrial Engineering Manufacturing Process Laboratory, PGRI Adi Buana University Surabaya. From the results of data processing, the highest RPN value was obtained from the FMEA method analysis. RPN value of 40.86 and the second highest risk event is hearing loss due to machine noise with an RPN value of 37.58. This shows that the risk has a high enough priority in risk management efforts so that it needs special attention.
Analisis tingkat kerataan jalan dengan metode international roughness index menggunakan hawkeye 2000 (studi kasus : Jl. Gajahmada Slawi)
Jalan Gajah Mada merupakan jalan lokal utama yang banyak dilalui oleh kendaraan roda dua maupun roda empat. Jalan Gajah Mada di Kecamatan Slawi, Kabupaten Tegal, merupakan salah satu jalan utama yang penting di wilayah tersebut. Jalan ini berperan sentral dalam menghubungkan berbagai fasilitas dan lokasi penting di Slawi. Untuk mendukung kelancaran aksesibilitas dan menghindari kecelakaan, maka dilakukan analisis data tingkat kategori risiko di Jalan Gajah Mada Slawi. Dalam pengumpulan data digunakan metode Hawkeye 2000 series dan perangkat lunak Hawkeye Processing Toolkit untuk menganalisis data. Tujuan dari analisis ini adalah untuk memberikan rekomendasi kondisi jalan terhadap Indeks Kekasaran Internasional Jalan Gajah Mada Slawi.
Penilaian tingkat kerentanan air tanah terhadap pencemaran dengan menggunakan metode SINTACS dan metode DRASTIC di Kecamatan Sumobito Kabupaten Jombang
Most residents of Sumobito District still use groundwater as their raw water source through dug wells. Groundwater in this area is potentially vulnerable to pollution. This can happen because of the increasing number of industrial and household waste, as well as the use of pesticides on rice fields, which triggers the emergence of potential sources of pollution for ground water. This research aims to identify the location distribution of groundwater vulnerability levels. Identification was carried out at 23 dug well points that had been determined for 5 months. The methods used in this research are the SINTACS method and the DRASTIC method with 7 hydrogeological parameters each. The results of this research are dominated by rather high vulnerability which tends to be in the western and southern parts of the research location with an area of ​​17.43 km2 to 39.66 km2 for the SINTACS method. Meanwhile, the DRASTIC method is dominated by moderate vulnerability which tends to be in the eastern and southern parts of the research location with an area of ​​46.79 km2 to 47.20 km2. Sustainable groundwater protection planning with a land conservation perspective is the right step to prevent contamination of groundwater from pollutant sources.
Pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Pantai Tetezeu Berbasis Analisis Daya Dukung Yang Berkelanjutan
Tetezeu beach is an alternative for ocal peopleor tourists from outside the area. Tetezeu beach has attractions in the form of a recreation park, beautiful sloping sandy beaches gazebos, jogging spots and restaurants. Even though this tourist attraction is a favorite of local tourists, the development of this area is still not oprimal. To optimize a tourist area, one aspect that must be considered is the carrying capacity of the existing area so that it can be developed further. Tourism can be sustainable. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of the Tetezeu beach tourist area. The carrying capacity of the Tetezeu beach tourist area and the sustainable development of beach tourism at Tetezeu beach. Data collection methods in this research used interviews, observation, documentation, literature studies and related agencies. The analytical method used is mix methodes analysis with carrying capacity analysis techniques as wall as EFAS and IFAS analysis techniques for strategic sustainable development of tourist areas. Theses results indicate that the carrying capacity in the Tetezeu beach tourism area is included in the carrying capacity classification as being exceeded, with the general recommendation being that the Tetezeu beach tourism area must be controlled and organized. The control in question is controlling the number of tourist visits because the number of real visits is vey large when compared with the calculated value of carrying capacity, real and effective carrying capacity. This large number of visits certainly has a big impact on the ecology
Copyright (c) 2024 WAKTU: Jurnal Teknik UNIPA
Analisis Produktivitas Produksi Knuckle Steering Departemen Machining Menggunakan Metode Objective Matrix
A company must be able to maximize the productivity of all its activities. One of them is productivity in the knuckle steering item production line, where the number of orders always increases every month. Therefore, companies need to measure productivity which in turn can create more effective and efficient company activities. The method used is Objective Matrix (OMAX). The results of this study are that the lowest productivity is in September with a productivity value of 23.6 and the highest productivity is in month 4 with a value of 517.2. The lowest ratio is found in ratio 1, namely the level of production achievement against machine hour capacity. The productivity value is only 28 of the 132 total total productivity values. This happens because of various factors, namely unprofessional operators, minimal experience operators, lack of machine maintenance so that it often breaks, long production processes, and many defective materials from the Foundry dept. Efforts that can be made to improve this ratio include optimizing the supervisory function on employee performance, maintaining production machines so that they have productive conditions in producing products, and increasing employee motivation.
Evaluasi Kondisi Dan Tingkat Risiko Sanitasi Permukiman Di Kecamatan Magersari Kota Mojokerto
Magersari Subdistrict is one of the subdistricts located in Mojokerto City which has a risk area for domestic wastewater, household waste and environmental drainage. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative and quantitative with data collection techniques used in this study, namely observation and questionnaire results in residential areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition and risk level of the current settlement sanitation in Magersari District, Mojokerto City. The results of the analysis obtained through the questionnaire were then calculated using the Likert scale index. It can be seen that the Balongsari Village has sufficient criteria with an interval of 60.66% - 65.16%, while the Magersari Village has sufficient criteria with an interval of 60.31% - 64.8% , and Kedundung Village has sufficient criteria with an interval of 61.31% - 68.68%. Based on the results of the analysis obtained by Magersari District, until now it still has sufficient sanitation facilities and infrastructure to meet the needs of its people, but it is necessary to improve the quality of waste facilities that have been damaged.
Analisis Kinerja Karyawan Pada IKM X dengan Metode Ahp-Electre
Every organization has to raise the standards of its human resources and make them more receptive to any changes. Organizations with knowledge-based human resources with a variety of skills and experience are better able to compete and adapt to environmental changes. This research was conducted to evaluate employee performance and to find out the deficiencies possessed by their employees by using the AHP-Electre method so that business owners can determine what actions must be taken to improve their performance at work by previously calculating AHP as a weight for takers. decision (decision maker). The resulting criteria weight matrix after processing the AHP data is W = (0.081 0.094 0.165 0.088 0.073 0.049 0.050 0.049 0.054 0.099 0.147 and 0.049) with a consistency value of 0.092. And the order of dominance from those with the highest score to the lowest is Badrun (A2), Adi (A3), Dudi (A4), Mukmin (A1), and the last position is Yanto (A5).
Adsorpsi Logam Krom (Cr) Total Limbah Cair Batik Menggunakan Karbon Aktif Ampas Kopi
One of the contaminants produced by liquid batik waste is chromium (Cr), which is carcinogenic. The high hydrocarbon and cellulose content in coffee grounds can be used as active carbon to adsorb total Cr in batik liquid waste. This research aims to examine the quality of coffee grounds activated carbon, determine the capacity of coffee grounds activated carbon in reducing Cr levels in batik waste with variations in contact time and adsorbent mass. The variables in this study were the weight of coffee grounds activated carbon of 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 grams and contact time of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. This research uses a batch system on a laboratory scale. This research shows that coffee grounds activated carbon can adsorb the highest synthetic waste Cr of 96.70%, which occurs at a coffee grounds activated carbon weight of 1.2 g and a contact time of 150 minutes. The Cr metal adsorption process using coffee grounds activated carbon fulfills the Langmuir equation. Coffee grounds activated carbon can adsorb 98.45% Cr from batik waste, the final concentration meets quality standards.
Evaluasi Agrowisata Idola D’Ganjaran di Desa Sambibulu Kecamatan Taman Sidoarjo
Sambibulu Agrotourism is located in Sambibulu Village, Taman Sidoarjo District. This place is a paddy field but now it has changed its function into agro-tourism which is managed by a village-owned enterprise (BUMDes), with an area of ​​5 hectares and 1.5 hectares of land used for game ponds and fishing. Before the arrival of Covid, the D'Ganjaran idol agro tourism was very crowded with visitors in 2019 in February 65%, March 52% and April 35%. after there was a government policy regarding covid 19 the number of tourists decreased by 30% because of that D'Ganjaran idol agrotourism was only open on holidays, namely Sundays. So there needs to be an evaluation to build the existence of D'Ganjaran idol agrotourism in Taman District. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the D, Ganjaran agro-tourism area and the discovery of the existence of Idola D'Ganjaran agro-tourism in Taman Sidoarjo District. Methods of data collection using the study of relevant agencies, interviews, documentation, and observation. The analytical technique used is descriptive qualitative with situation analysis and evaluation and Skechup design. The results showed that D'Ganjaran's idol Agrotourism was more of an agro-tourism attraction, this was seen from the variety and attractions presented such as water agro-tourism and artificial rides. The results of the evaluation of the main facilities and supporting facilities with a percentage of 73.68%, and 26.31% that are not appropriate. Those that are not suitable include the main nursery facilities, entertainment stage facilities, telephone and communication network facilities, and supporting facilities that are not suitable such as guardrail facilities, and trash can facilities.
Analisis Pemetaan Daya Dukung Dan Daya Tampung Lingkungan Penyedia Air dan Pangan Berbasis Jasa Lingkungan
Ngawi Regency Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2011 concerning Ngawi Regency Spatial Planning for 2010-2030, Widodaren District is directed to become a Local Activity Center (PKL). As time goes by population growth and rapid development in Widodaren District without adjusting the carrying capacity and capacity of water and food providers has an impact that exceeds environmental capacity. This research aims to determine the physical and non-physical characteristics of the area in Widodaren District, the carrying capacity and capacity of water and food providers, and directions for its development. The research method uses quantitative analysis with carrying capacity and capacity analysis techniques, as well as content analysis using Nvivo software. Data collection methods include field observations, documentation and surveys of related agencies. The results of the Carrying Capacity analysis using the environmental services approach for the water and food supply sector show the highest results, namely areas with high - very high class food provision environmental services have an area of ​​+ 5,233.3 Ha or 46.6% of the total area of ​​Widodaren District, for water providers areas with high – very high class environmental services have an area of ​​8,683.4 Ha or 77.3% of the total area of ​​Widodaren District, which means that the agricultural, industrial, energy, raw water supply sectors for urban, rural areas, and so on can be supported its development. Meanwhile, the direction for developing food providers that can be carried out is the
Tinjauan Ulang Produksi Biodiesel Berbahan Baku Limbah Minyak Zaitun Melalui Metode Esterifikasi Dan Transesterifikasi
This work aims to analyze waste olive oil or olive pomace oil (OPO) used in producing biodiesel by applying esterification and transesterification reactions. Due to OPO's high acidity index (IK), the handling of biodiesel production uses an esterification reaction to reduce this index. This process also aims to prevent saponification reactions from occurring during the transesterification reaction. The appropriate esterification parameters were determined in a few minutes with the molar ratio of methanol: oil which was 8:1 with a yield of 0.75 mg KOH/g IK oil. Olive oil is a non-edible oil with low production costs, making it an essential source of biodiesel production. This material can be used as a cheap raw material for enzyme immobilization. Even though OPO is non-edible, this raw material has economic value for biodiesel production. Still, it must be used to conduct transesterification in oils high in free fatty acids. Therefore, as pretreatment, the amount of free fatty acids in OPO must be reduced by acid esterification. Thus OPO can undergo a transesterification process to become a biodiesel product.
Identifying Habitat Selection Concept as Results of Place Attachment Phenomenon in Kampung Keputran, Surabaya
This study investigates the complex phenomenon of place attachment and its impact on the formation and preservation of individual and communities’ identities to its cultural environment. Keputran kampung, situated in Surabaya's central business district, faces unique challenges such as annual flooding and the risk of eviction due to land ownership issues. Using qualitative descriptive research, including character appraisal, interviews, and observations, this study examines the place attachment phenomenon and its implications for its habitat selection concepts. Findings reveal the rapid development and strong characteristics of Keputran Village, classified as a attachment to a place stage with six identified factors influencing habitat selection on the residents' cultural aspects, emotions, cognition, and behavior. This study sheds light on the multifaceted nature of place attachment and its role in shaping the habitat selection concepts of Keputran kampung.
Pemetaan Kawasan Rawan Bencana Tanah Longsor Dengan Menggunakan Metode Weighted Overlay Di Kecamatan Ngrambe Kabupaten Ngawi
Ngawi Regency Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2011 concerning the Ngawi Regency Spatial Planning Plan for 2010-2030, Article 23 paragraph 2, Ngrambe District is included in the landslide-prone area and is classified as the most landslide-prone area because it has a geographical location close to bare and critical forests besides its location on the slopes of Mount Lawu. The method used in this study is quantitative with data collection techniques used in the study, namely Observation and Related Agencies. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of landslide-proneness using the Weighted Overlay Landslide Method in Ngrambe District. The results of the analysis based on the calculation of the spatial analysis, it is known that the results of the Weighted Overlay analysis in the landslide-prone area in Ngrambe District show the results of landslide vulnerability, namely low with an area of ​​3401.16 Ha, medium with an area of ​​1676.69 Ha, high with an area of ​​405.43 Ha, and very high with an area of ​​1410.61 Ha.
Implementation of the seven tools method for controlling cardboard box quality at PT. SGM
PT.SGM is a company that operates in the industrial business sector and the paper packaging sector. This company has tried to implement a good quality control system for its products. The company makes every effort to ensure that the quality of its products always meets the standards required by customers. The aim of this research is to identify the dominant level of defects, analyze the factors causing defects, minimize defects and make recommendations for improvements to improve the quality of the carton box products produced by carrying out analysis using the Seven Tools method. By using the Seven Quality Tools method, this method has proven to be quite good and effective in analyzing various types of defects that occur and can explain the factors that cause product defects. So we get the most dominant defect results from March to July, namely Open Sheet defects with an average number of defects of 6649 and a percentage of 44.7%. For the second, there are ink splattered defects with an average number of 5481 with a percentage of 36.9%. And the smallest defect in Krepek Sheet is 3768 on average and the percentage is 25.3%. Based on the research results, it was found that the most dominant percentage of defects was caused by poor raw materials and lack of maintenance on the machine.
Advanced Analysis and Problem-Solving in the Industry: A Strategic Approach to Assisting PT. XYZ in Overcoming Operational Challenges
This research aims to solve operational challenges at PT. XYZ using advanced methodologies and strategic approaches, with a specific focus on enhancing Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). OEE serves as a critical performance metric encompassing availability, performance, and quality to provide a comprehensive view of equipment efficiency. The integration of TPM, emphasizing proactive and preventive maintenance, further supports these goals by engaging all employees in maintaining and improving equipment performance. The research prioritizes first-tier machine improvements such as optimizing the gripper area, pneumatic systems, strap holding clamps area, nose wire, transfer conveyor, and cutting area. Additionally, second-tier enhancements in production systems involve refining scheduling processes to prevent operator shortages, providing ongoing training to maintain operator proficiency, and ensuring readiness across all production needs. These measures aim to systematically address the root causes of inefficiencies, ultimately enhancing overall operational effectiveness in alignment with organizational objectives and standards, thereby fostering a more streamlined and productive manufacturing environment.
Overall Equipment Effectiveness, Total Productive Maintenance, Problem-solving
Penanganan Pencemaran Tanah Pada Sampah Organik dengan Menggunakan Media Maggot
Based on observed research data, the volume of organic waste is increasing along with population growth, the number of consumers using food, and even the number of people interested in living necessities is increasing. With the increasing volume, it can be handled using the maggot media program to handle soil pollution by organic waste. From the data obtained, it was found that decomposition was faster in soft fruit waste and soft vegetable waste, then decomposition took longer in hard vegetable waste. This is because maggots, or fly larvae, more often choose to consume soft vegetable waste than hard ones.