Development of an Edge-Based Connected Instrumentation and Monitoring System Using an Multi-Parameter Spatial Decision Index for Multi-Node Soil Sensing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36456/qzhww162Abstract
Single-point soil monitoring is often insufficient to characterize land conditions that exhibit spatial variation. This study proposes a multi-node soil monitoring system that integrates capacitive soil moisture sensors, soil pH sensors, LoRa communication, and an Edge-Based Spatial Aggregation approach using the Multi-Parameter Spatial Decision Index (MSDI). Four sensor nodes periodically transmit data to a gateway for aggregation and decision-making before the data is displayed on a dashboard. The evaluation covers sensor accuracy, communication performance, and decision consistency. Test results show a Packet Delivery Ratio of 98.25% with an average delay of less than 135 ms, as well as stable communication. The MSDI method is capable of classifying soil conditions into the categories of Critical, Moderate, and Optimal, while reducing the influence of extreme readings from a single node. The proposed approach produces more representative information on land conditions and supports decision-making in Internet of Things-based precision agriculture systems.
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