Analisis Pemilihan Jenis Turbin PLTMH Berdasarkan Rentang Head pada Sistem Pemanfaatan Air Buangan Pembangkit Listrik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36456/rqqq0g12Keywords:
head, PLTMH, pemilihan , turbin, air buangan pembangkit energy , recoveryAbstract
Pemanfaatan air buangan pembangkit Listrik melalui Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) merupakan strategi energy recovery untuk meningkatkan efisiensi sistem energi. Karakteristik air buangan yang umumnya memiliki head rendah hingga sangat rendah dengan debit relative stabil memerlukan pendekatan pemilihan turbin yang berbeda pada PLTA konvensional. Artikel ini menyajikan analisis kritis dan sintesis teknis pemilihan turbin PLTMH berdasarkan rentang head pada pemanfaatan air buangan pembangkit listrik. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan kerangka pemilihan turbin PLTMH yang terintegrasi dan aplikatif berdasarkan hubungan karakteristik head-debit dengan kesesuaian teknis dan kinerja turbin. Metode penelitian menggunakan systematic literatur review terhadap lebih dari 25 jurnal nasional dan internasional. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa turbin Archimedes screw dan waterwheel modern paling sesuai untuk kondisi very load head (≤ 2m), sedangkan turbin crossflow optimal untuk kondisi low head hingga medium head (2-20m). Artikel ini berkontribusi dalam menyediakan acuan teknis pemilihan turbin PLTMH berbasis air buangan pembangkit untuk mengembangkan sistem energy recovery pada pembangkit listrik eksisting.
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