Author Guidelines

INVENTA: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Published by the Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Indonesia.

1. General Standards

INVENTA: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal dedicated to publishing original research findings, scientific studies, and critical discussions related to elementary school education. The journal welcomes scholarly contributions that advance educational theory, teaching practices, learning innovation, curriculum development, educational assessment, teacher professionalism, and other relevant areas of primary education.

All manuscripts submitted to INVENTA must demonstrate academic originality, methodological rigor, clarity of presentation, and relevance to the journal's focus and scope.

Authors are required to prepare their manuscripts according to the journal's official template, submission requirements, publication ethics, and editorial standards.

Language Editing

INVENTA requires manuscripts to be written in formal, grammatically correct, and academically appropriate English or Indonesian.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that manuscripts comply with standard language spelling, punctuation, grammar, and academic writing conventions.

Where English abstracts or other English-language components are required, authors must ensure that the language is clear, accurate, and appropriate for international scholarly communication.

Authors may use professional language-editing services or appropriate language-assistance tools to improve manuscript clarity and readability. However, authors remain responsible for the scientific accuracy, originality, and integrity of the manuscript.

The use of language-editing services does not imply or guarantee acceptance for publication. Editorial decisions are based on scientific quality, originality, methodological appropriateness, relevance, and compliance with the journal's publication standards.

Language Style

The principal language of manuscripts submitted to INVENTA is English.

Manuscripts must use formal English academic language consistently throughout the text. Unnecessary foreign expressions, ambiguous terminology, colloquial language, and excessive abbreviations should be avoided.

Foreign terms that have not been assimilated into English should be italicized in accordance with the journal's formatting requirements.

English-language components, including abstracts, should follow a consistent variety of English, either American or British English.

Scientific terminology must be used accurately and consistently, particularly when discussing educational concepts, instructional models, research methodology, and learning assessment.

Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

INVENTA encourages authors to improve the discoverability and accessibility of their published research through effective titles, abstracts, and keywords.

To maximize article visibility in academic search engines and indexing databases, authors are encouraged to:

Include relevant research terms in the article title.
Use concise, informative, and descriptive titles.
Select keywords that accurately represent the main concepts, methods, or educational context of the study.
Incorporate important keywords naturally into the opening sentences of the abstract.
Use consistent terminology throughout the manuscript.
Avoid unnecessary abbreviations and overly general keywords.
Ensure that the title, abstract, and keywords accurately reflect the manuscript's content.

Keyword selection should prioritize terms commonly used in scholarly literature related to elementary school education.

2. Manuscript Formatting Standards

Title

The manuscript title must accurately represent the principal subject, research focus, and scholarly contribution of the article.

The title must be written in capital letters, centered at the top of the first page, using a bold 14-point Times Roman font, in accordance with the journal's Author Guidelines.

Authors should ensure that the title is:

Concise, clear, and informative.
Relevant to elementary school education.
Consistent with the research objectives and findings.
Free from unnecessary abbreviations.
Appropriate for academic indexing and retrieval.
Neither misleading nor excessively promotional.

Titles should avoid unsupported claims of effectiveness, superiority, or causality.

The editorial board may request title revisions to improve clarity, academic precision, relevance, or conformity with the journal's formatting requirements.

Authors and Affiliations

The full names of all authors must be provided accurately and consistently with their scholarly identities.

Author names should appear below the manuscript title, using the format specified in the official INVENTA template.

Institutional affiliations must identify the relevant department or academic unit, institution, and country, where appropriate.

For example:

Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Indonesia.

The corresponding author must be clearly identified, and a valid email address must be provided.

Superscript numbering or another identification format may be used to associate authors with their respective affiliations, as indicated in the journal template.

All listed authors must have made genuine scholarly contributions to the manuscript.

Changes in authorship after submission must be communicated to the editorial board and supported by appropriate justification and agreement among the authors.

Headings and Subheadings

Manuscripts must be organized systematically using clearly defined headings and, where necessary, subheadings.

Main section headings should follow the journal's official format, including appropriate numbering, capitalization, and bold 12-point Times Roman font.

Subheadings should be used only when necessary to improve readability and logical organization.

Authors should avoid excessive subdivision, particularly when individual subsections contain only a few sentences.

Headings must accurately reflect the content of their respective sections and maintain a consistent hierarchical structure.

Abstract

The abstract must provide a concise, accurate, and self-contained overview of the manuscript.

Authors are encouraged to provide abstracts in English, consistent with the journal's published article format and applicable manuscript template.

Unless a different word limit is specified in the current official template, an abstract of approximately 150–250 words is recommended.

The abstract should clearly communicate:

Background: The educational problem or research context motivating the study.
Objective: The main purpose or research question.
Methods: The research design, participants or data sources, instruments, and analytical approach.
Results: The principal findings supported by the research evidence.
Conclusion: The main contribution or implication of the study.

The abstract should not contain references, unexplained abbreviations, unnecessary methodological details, or claims unsupported by the results.

For quantitative studies, important numerical findings may be included where they strengthen the clarity of the research contribution.

For qualitative studies, the abstract should identify the central themes or findings rather than making unsupported numerical generalizations.

For research and development studies, the abstract should accurately describe the product or model developed and the level of evaluation completed.

The English abstracts must convey equivalent information.

Keywords

Authors are encouraged to provide three to five keywords that represent the essential concepts of the manuscript, unless the current template specifies otherwise.

Keywords should be specific, academically relevant, and consistent with the title, abstract, and research content.

Where bilingual abstracts are provided, corresponding English keywords should also be supplied.

Authors should avoid using overly broad terms when more precise educational terminology is available.

Main Text

The manuscript must be prepared on A4-size paper using a two-column layout, in accordance with the official INVENTA template.

The journal's published formatting requirements specify:

Manuscript length: 5–20 pages.
Paper size: A4.
Font: Times Roman.
Main text size: 12 points.
Line spacing: Single.
Left margin: 30 mm.
Right margin: 20 mm.
Top and bottom margins: 25 mm.
Column spacing: 6 mm.
Layout: Two columns.

Authors must maintain consistent paragraph formatting, font sizes, spacing, indentation, and alignment throughout the manuscript.

Tables, figures, equations, and other visual elements must be placed at appropriate locations within the text rather than collected at the end of the manuscript.

Any detailed formatting instructions contained in the current official journal template take precedence over general recommendations in this policy.

Nomenclature and Abbreviations

The use of abbreviations should be minimized.

Nonstandard abbreviations must be defined when first introduced in the manuscript.

Commonly recognized abbreviations may be used where appropriate, but consistency must be maintained.

Specialized terminology related to elementary education, educational technology, learning psychology, instructional strategies, and research methods must be explained when necessary.

Authors should avoid introducing abbreviations that are used only once or twice.

Mathematical symbols, statistical notation, and scientific terminology must be presented consistently.

Equations should be prepared using an appropriate equation editor and numbered when required by the journal template.

3. Manuscript Organization

Original research manuscripts should follow a logical and systematic structure consistent with the journal's requirements.

The principal sections generally include Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, and References.

The Results and Discussion sections may be presented separately or together where permitted by the applicable journal template and editorial requirements.

Introduction

The Introduction should provide a concise and coherent explanation of the educational problem, theoretical context, previous research, research gap, and objectives.

Authors should begin by identifying a specific educational issue relevant to elementary school education.

The Introduction must demonstrate why the topic deserves investigation and how the study contributes to existing scholarly knowledge.

The section should:

Introduce the educational problem and its significance.
Explain the relevant theoretical or conceptual background.
Critically discuss previous research directly related to the topic.
Identify limitations, unresolved issues, or inconsistencies in existing studies.
Establish a clear research gap based on scholarly evidence.
Explain the novelty and expected contribution of the research.
State the research objectives, questions, or hypotheses clearly.

Authors should avoid presenting an unnecessarily lengthy review of unrelated literature.

The identification of a research gap must extend beyond differences in research location, participant characteristics, or combinations of variables.

Instead, the gap should reflect an identifiable theoretical, empirical, methodological, or practical problem that warrants further investigation.

The Introduction should progress logically from the educational context to the specific research problem and conclude with a clear statement of the study's objectives and contribution.

Unnecessary subheadings in the Introduction should be avoided.

Methods

The Methods section must provide sufficient information to enable readers to understand, critically evaluate, and, where appropriate, replicate the research procedures.

Authors must explain the methodological design and justify its suitability for addressing the research objectives.

Depending on the type of research, the Methods section should describe:

Research design: The approach, design, and rationale underlying the investigation.
Research setting and participants: The educational context, population, sample, participant characteristics, and selection procedures.
Research instruments: The instruments or sources used for data collection, including their development, adaptation, validity, and reliability where applicable.
Research procedures: The stages of implementation, data collection, intervention, observation, or development.
Data analysis: The statistical, qualitative, mixed-methods, or other analytical procedures used.
Trustworthiness and quality assurance: The procedures used to establish the credibility, validity, reliability, or dependability of the findings.
Ethical considerations: Relevant permissions, informed consent, confidentiality, and measures for protecting research participants.

For quantitative studies, authors should specify the variables, analytical techniques, significance criteria, and other assumptions relevant to the statistical procedures.

For qualitative studies, authors should explain participant selection, data collection, coding or interpretation procedures, and measures used to establish trustworthiness.

For classroom action research, authors should describe the research cycles, instructional actions, observations, reflections, and criteria used to assess the outcomes.

For research and development studies, authors should identify the development model, stages of product development, expert assessment, revisions, and evaluation procedures.

Authors must distinguish between procedures that were planned and those actually implemented.

Studies involving elementary school students must give particular attention to participant protection, school authorization, confidentiality, and appropriate consent procedures.

Methodological claims must remain consistent with the research design and available evidence.

Results

The Results section must present research findings clearly, accurately, and systematically.

Results should correspond directly to the research questions, objectives, or hypotheses introduced earlier in the manuscript.

Authors should:

Present the principal findings in a logical sequence.
Report quantitative or qualitative evidence accurately.
Use tables and figures when they improve the clarity of the presentation.
Explain the information displayed in tables without unnecessarily repeating every value.
Distinguish empirical findings from interpretations.
Report unexpected or contradictory findings where relevant.
Ensure that all reported results are supported by the actual research data.

Quantitative studies should report appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics based on the analytical design.

Qualitative studies should present well-supported themes, categories, or patterns, accompanied by relevant evidence.

Research and development studies should report the products, validation results, revisions, practicality assessments, or effectiveness findings corresponding to the stages actually completed.

Authors must not fabricate results, introduce unsupported statistical values, or claim analyses that were not performed.

Discussion

The Discussion section should interpret the findings in relation to the research objectives, theoretical framework, and relevant scholarly literature.

The purpose of the Discussion is not merely to repeat results but to explain their meaning, significance, and contribution to understanding educational phenomena.

Authors are encouraged to address the following aspects:

The principal findings and their relationship to the research questions.
The theoretical interpretation of the findings.
Comparisons with previous relevant studies.
Possible explanations for similarities or differences from earlier research.
The practical implications for elementary school teaching and learning.
The contribution to educational theory, instructional practices, curriculum development, or assessment.
Methodological and contextual limitations.
Recommendations for future research.

The Discussion should critically engage with the literature rather than merely state that the findings are consistent with previous studies.

When findings differ from earlier research, authors should consider plausible theoretical, methodological, or contextual explanations.

Interpretations must remain proportionate to the available evidence.

Cross-sectional or correlational studies must not present associations as proof of causal relationships.

Research and development studies must distinguish clearly between expert validation, perceived practicality, implementation feasibility, and demonstrated effectiveness.

Authors should avoid excessive speculation, unsupported generalizations, and exaggerated claims of educational impact.

The section should demonstrate how the findings advance scholarly understanding or inform educational practice in a meaningful and defensible manner.

Conclusions

The Conclusions section must present a concise synthesis of the main findings and their scholarly significance.

The conclusion should directly address the research objectives or questions and explain the contribution made by the study.

An effective conclusion should:

Summarize the principal findings without repeating the abstract.
Provide a clear answer to the research question.
Highlight the theoretical, methodological, or practical contribution of the study.
Identify implications relevant to elementary school education.
Offer realistic recommendations where appropriate.

Authors must not introduce new data, previously undiscussed evidence, or unsupported claims in the conclusion.

The conclusion should reflect the actual scope and limitations of the research.

A concise, well-developed paragraph is generally sufficient, although additional paragraphs may be appropriate when necessary.

4. Figures and Tables

General Principles

Figures and tables should be used to communicate research information clearly, accurately, and efficiently.

All visual materials must contribute directly to the presentation or interpretation of the research findings.

Tables and figures should be original, accurately labeled, and placed within the manuscript near the paragraphs in which they are first discussed.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that visual materials do not misrepresent research evidence.

Figure Guidelines

Figures may include diagrams, charts, graphs, conceptual frameworks, research flowcharts, instructional models, and other visual materials relevant to the study.

Authors should ensure that:

Figures are clearly presented and academically appropriate.
Text, symbols, labels, and graphical elements remain legible.
The figure accurately reflects the research data or conceptual relationships.
Symbols, abbreviations, and graphical conventions are adequately explained.
Figure numbering is sequential and consistent.
Captions provide sufficient information to understand the figures.
Figures remain readable when displayed in the journal's two-column format.
Sources and permissions are acknowledged when figures are adapted or reproduced from other works.

Color may be used where it contributes to clarity. However, figures should remain interpretable when printed in grayscale.

The use of AI-generated visual materials must comply with the journal's applicable Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies Policy.

Photographs involving students, teachers, or classrooms must respect participant privacy, informed consent, and ethical requirements.

Table Guidelines

Tables should be designed to communicate essential information efficiently without unnecessary duplication of the surrounding text.

Authors should:

Provide concise and descriptive table titles.
Number tables sequentially.
Use appropriate column headings and measurement units.
Maintain consistent decimal places and statistical notation.
Explain unfamiliar abbreviations or symbols in table notes.
Avoid excessively complex or overcrowded tables.
Ensure that each table is referenced and discussed in the text.

Tables should present research data in a form that allows readers to identify relevant patterns, comparisons, and findings.

Authors should not include tables that merely repeat information already explained adequately in the narrative.

Captions and Legends

Every figure and table must have an appropriate caption or title.

Table titles should appear immediately above the respective tables.

Figure captions should appear immediately below the respective figures unless the official template requires a different arrangement.

Captions must be concise, informative, and sufficiently descriptive to allow readers to understand the displayed information.

The numbering and formatting of captions must follow the journal's manuscript template.

Image Format and Resolution

Figures and images must be prepared at sufficient resolution to ensure clarity in the published article.

A resolution of 300 dpi at the intended publication size is recommended for raster images, where practical.

Suitable formats may include PNG, JPEG, and TIFF, subject to the requirements of the journal's submission system.

Charts, diagrams, and line drawings should preferably be supplied in formats that preserve legibility when resized.

Images must not be excessively compressed or presented in a way that obscures relevant details.

The editorial board may request higher-resolution images or editable source files when necessary for publication quality.

Authors must obtain appropriate permission for copyrighted or previously published visual materials.

5. Acknowledgments

An Acknowledgments section may be included to recognize individuals, institutions, schools, or organizations that contributed to the research but do not qualify for authorship.

Acknowledgments may include assistance with data collection, administrative coordination, access to research settings, technical support, or other legitimate scholarly contributions.

Authors must ensure that acknowledgments accurately reflect the nature of the assistance received.

Individuals should not be acknowledged without their permission where such acknowledgment could imply endorsement or reveal confidential participation.

6. Author Contributions Statement

INVENTA encourages transparent reporting of individual author contributions.

Where required by the editorial board, authors should provide an Author Contributions Statement before the References section.

The statement should identify the contributions of each author to the preparation and completion of the research.

Relevant contributions may include:

Conceptualization.
Methodology.
Investigation.
Data collection.
Formal analysis.
Validation.
Writing the original draft.
Writing, reviewing, and editing.
Supervision.
Project administration.

Authors may use the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) as a framework for describing individual contributions.

All authors must review and approve the final manuscript and accept responsibility for their respective contributions and the integrity of the published work.

7. References

General Requirements

All sources cited in the manuscript must appear in the reference list, and all entries in the reference list must be cited in the manuscript.

References should be relevant, reliable, academically credible, and directly related to the research problem.

Authors are encouraged to prioritize recent scholarly publications from reputable peer-reviewed journals while retaining foundational sources when theoretically necessary.

The reference list should demonstrate adequate engagement with current developments in elementary school education and relevant educational research.

Authors must verify the accuracy of bibliographic information, including author names, publication years, article titles, journal titles, volume and issue numbers, page ranges, and digital object identifiers (DOIs).

Fabricated, inaccurate, or unverifiable references are not permitted.

Citation and Reference Style

For consistent scholarly presentation, APA 7th Edition is recommended as the proposed reference style for INVENTA, subject to adoption by the editorial board and the requirements of the official journal template.

In-text citations should follow the author–date system, using the surname of the author and the year of publication.

For works with two authors, both surnames should be included.

For works with three or more authors, the surname of the first author followed by et al. should be used in accordance with APA 7th Edition.

Multiple citations within the same parentheses should be organized according to the relevant referencing rules.

The reference list should be arranged alphabetically by the surname of the first author.

Authors are encouraged to use reference management software, including Mendeley, Zotero, or EndNote, to improve citation consistency and reduce bibliographic errors.

Where available, DOI links should be provided in the standard format:

https://doi.org/xxxxx

Journal Articles

References to journal articles should include the authors, publication year, article title, journal title, volume, issue, page range or article number, and DOI when available.

The journal title and volume should be italicized according to APA conventions.

Books

Book references should include the authors or editors, publication year, book title, edition where applicable, and publisher.

Theses and Dissertations

Theses and dissertations should be referenced using the author's name, year, title, type of academic work, institution, and repository or URL where applicable.

Online Publications and Research Materials

Electronic sources must be sufficiently identified to allow readers to retrieve and verify them.

Research datasets should include repository information, version numbers, and persistent identifiers where applicable.

Authors should avoid relying excessively on non-peer-reviewed websites, unidentified online materials, or sources lacking scholarly credibility.

Unpublished materials and personal communications must be handled according to the adopted citation style and applicable ethical requirements.

8. Supplementary Material

INVENTA recognizes that some research may involve supporting materials that cannot be presented effectively within the main manuscript.

Where supported by the journal's submission system and approved by the editorial board, authors may submit supplementary material to improve the transparency, reproducibility, or scholarly value of the research.

Supplementary materials may include:

Research instruments and questionnaires.
Interview guides and observation protocols.
Additional statistical tables.
Supplementary figures or diagrams.
Instructional materials or learning media.
Research procedures and supporting documentation.
Anonymized research datasets, where ethically permissible.

Supplementary material must not be used to conceal essential findings, methodological information, or evidence necessary to evaluate the main research claims.

All supplementary files must be clearly identified, appropriately labeled, and referenced in the manuscript where relevant.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that supplementary materials comply with copyright requirements, research ethics, institutional policies, and applicable data protection regulations.

Research data involving elementary school students must be adequately anonymized, and confidential information must not be disclosed without proper authorization.

The editorial board may determine whether supplementary materials are appropriate for publication or require revision.

9. Funding Statement

Authors must disclose all relevant financial support received for the research and preparation of the manuscript.

Funding information should include the name of the funding institution or organization and the grant or project number, where applicable.

Authors should also indicate whether funding organizations influenced the research design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation, or publication decision.

Where no external financial support was received, authors may include the following statement:

This research received no external funding.

Funding disclosures must accurately reflect the financial circumstances of the study.

10. Research Ethics and Publication Integrity

All manuscripts submitted to INVENTA must comply with generally accepted principles of research ethics and scholarly publication integrity.

Authors must ensure that their research has been conducted responsibly and that all findings are presented truthfully.

Research involving elementary school students, teachers, or educational institutions must adhere to applicable institutional and ethical requirements.

Authors should obtain necessary permissions from educational institutions and informed consent from participants or their legally authorized representatives, where appropriate.

Research involving children requires particular attention to participant welfare, privacy, confidentiality, and the responsible handling of personal information.

Plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, inappropriate manipulation of research evidence, duplicate publication, and other forms of research misconduct are prohibited.

Authors must disclose potential conflicts of interest that could reasonably affect the interpretation of the study.

All manuscripts may be subject to editorial screening, peer review, and research integrity assessment according to the journal's publication procedures.

The use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies must comply with the applicable journal policy and must not compromise originality, confidentiality, or scholarly accountability.

INVENTA reserves the right to request clarification, supporting documentation, corrections, or revisions when concerns regarding manuscript integrity arise.

11. Submission and Editorial Compliance

Manuscripts must be submitted through the official INVENTA online submission system.

The submission file must comply with the accepted document formats and follow the current journal template.

Before submission, authors must ensure that:

The manuscript is original and has not been published elsewhere.
The manuscript is not simultaneously under consideration by another journal, unless an exceptional situation has been disclosed and appropriately resolved.
All authors have approved the final manuscript.
The manuscript falls within the journal's focus and scope.
The manuscript follows the official formatting and structural requirements.
All references are accurately cited and verifiable.
Necessary ethical permissions and disclosures have been addressed.
Tables, figures, and supplementary materials comply with publication requirements.
Funding, conflicts of interest, and AI-use declarations have been provided where applicable.
The submitted manuscript is sufficiently complete for scholarly evaluation.

Manuscripts that do not comply with the journal's requirements may be returned to authors for technical revision before peer review.

Compliance with the manuscript preparation guidelines does not guarantee publication.

Editorial decisions remain based on scholarly quality, originality, methodological rigor, relevance, and the results of the journal's peer review process.

12. Policy Implementation and Updates

INVENTA is committed to maintaining transparent, consistent, and responsible manuscript preparation and editorial standards.

The editorial board may periodically revise these guidelines to reflect developments in scholarly communication, publication ethics, educational research methodology, and journal management practices.

Authors are responsible for consulting the latest version of the official manuscript template and submission guidelines before submitting their work.

In the event of differences between general recommendations and specific requirements in the official manuscript template, the currently approved template and editorial instructions shall prevail.

Official Journal Website:

https://jurnal.unipasby.ac.id/jurnal_inventa/index

Author Guidelines and Submission Information:

https://jurnal.unipasby.ac.id/jurnal_inventa/about/submissions